Absence of HTLV-1/2 infection among HCV-infected patients with no HIV-1/2 infection in Spain

Vallejo, Alejandro; Loza, Elena; Mateos, María Luisa

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2015.01.010

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The frequent sharing of needles and equipment by PWID place them at particularly high-risk for blood-borne diseases such as HIV, hepatitis and also HTLV. Studies in other European countries found varying seroprevalences of HTLV-1 and -2 among PWID [ 40 , 42 – 48 ]. Although the prevalences for hepatitis B and C and HIV in German PWID are comparable to those in other European countries and are much higher than in the general population [ 41 ], we found no case of HTLV-1 or -2 infection in our study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study also used DBS collected over a period of nearly three years and all cases were identified by ELISA and confirmed by Western blot (and/or PCR) using the same kits used in our study. Furthermore, according to one brief report [ 48 ], unpublished data suggest an even higher prevalence in Spanish PWID coinfected with HIV-1, with 67/695 (9.65%) being infected, although none of the 432 HIV-1 negative, HCV positive members of the study participants in the same hospital tested positive for HTLV. A large study conducted in 3,574 PWID in Italy from 1986 to 2005 revealed different prevalences of HTLV infection in HIV-1 coinfected (6.7%) and HIV-1 negative individuals (1.1%) [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the most recent study of HTLV seroprevalence in Stockholm found it to be comparable to previous studies from the early 1990s [ 45 ]. Moreover, the fact that HTLV-2 is predominately found in PWID [ 40 , 42 – 48 ], even in countries where HTLV-1 is found in the general population [ 35 ], suggests a distinct founder events for HTLV infection in the various PWID groups studied so far.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No significant HTLV seroprevalence in German people who inject drugs

et al. 2017

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BackgroundAlthough human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is transmitted via the same routes as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), its worldwide seroprevalence differs drastically because HTLV is transmitted mainly via infected cells rather than free virus. The sharing of needles and other equipment places people who inject drugs (PWID) at particularly high-risk for such blood-borne diseases.MethodsTo validate the methodology used to process and analyze the dried blood spots (DBS) utilized in the study, dried serum spots (DSS) with dilutions of sera from known HTLV infected individuals were analyzed by ELISA and Western blot. DBS collected between 2011 and 2015 from 2,077 PWID in eight German cities recruited by respondent-driven sampling were tested for HTLV-specific antibodies.ResultsThe validation demonstrated that the use of DSS allowed identification of samples with even low titers of HTLV-specific antibodies, although a confirmatory Western blot with an additional venous blood sample would often be required. Despite numerous HIV and HCV positive individuals being identified within the study population, none tested positive for HTLV.ConclusionWhile the HIV and HCV prevalences in German PWID are comparable to those in other European countries, the very low prevalence of HTLV reflects the situation in the general population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No significant HTLV seroprevalence in German people who inject drugs

et al. 2017

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“…However, this coinfection has not been reported in Ethiopian rural areas [16]. In Europe, where the rate of HTLV infection in the general population is below 0.1% [7], although no reports of HTLV-1/HCV coinfection have been published to date [17,18], HTLV-2/HCV coinfection was reportedly found in injecting drug users [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Distribution of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) and Hepatitis C Co-infection in Bahia, Brazil

et al. 2020

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Both Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are endemic in Brazil. In Salvador, the capital of the state of Bahia, 2% and 1.5% of the general population is infected with HTLV-1 or HCV. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and the distribution of HTLV/HCV coinfection in Bahia. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Central Laboratory of Public Health for the state of Bahia (LACEN-BA). All samples in the LACEN database submitted to serological testing for anti-HCV (chemiluminescence) and anti-HTLV-1/2 (chemiluminescence/ELISA and Western blot) from 2004 to 2013 were included. Infection rate was expressed as the number of infected individuals per 100,000 inhabitants in a given municipality; municipalities were grouped by microregion for further analysis. A total of 120,192 samples originating from 358 of the 417 municipalities in Bahia (85.8%) were evaluated. The overall HCV coinfection rate in HTLV-positive was 14.31% [2.8 (ranging from 0.4 to 8.0) per 100,000 inhabitants.] Twenty-one (5%) of the municipalities reported at least one case of HTLV/HCV coinfection. Most cases (87%) were concentrated in three microregions (Salvador: 79%, Ilhé us/Itabuna: 5%, Porto Seguro: 3%). Coinfection occurred more frequently in males (51%) with a mean age of 59 [(IQR): 46-59] years. HTLV/HCV coinfection in the state of Bahia was more frequently found among males living in the microregions of Salvador, Ilhé us/Itabuna and Porto Seguro, all of which are known to be endemic for HTLV infection.

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