Absence of Pectoralis Major

Sushma, K S; Latha, D. Asha; Babu, Mariya; Vasanthi, A.; Suneetha, Sujai

doi:10.9790/0853-13320102

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…variety of theories have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis of the absence of the pectoralis muscle;however, Stein12 did not support the presence of a genetic background as being one of them. At present, the absence of the pectoralis muscle might be interpreted as a fetal insult of pectoralis mesenchyme separation into the primordium of the pectoralis major and minor muscles at the 6 th to 7 th gestational weeks4 . It is probably due to a vascular injury during limb bud formation, one that compromises the circulation in the region3 .…”

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confidence: 94%

“…The associated anomalies can be deficiencies of the chest, breast, nipple, ribs, costal cartilage, axillary hair, and sweat glands (on the affected side) 2,3 , and scoliosis can also be present 2,3 . It is called Poland syndrome in the presence of ipsilateral symbrachydactyly (webbed, short, or missing fingers/toes or hypoplasia of the hand) and called Sprengel's deformity when resulting from hypoplasia of the serratus anterior muscle 4 . However, nonsyndromic complete or bilateral absence is rare 5 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nonsyndromic Congenital Absence of the Pectoralis Muscles

Yuan

2018

J Nippon Med Sch

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The congenital absence of the pectoralis muscle is usually a manifestation of Poland syndrome. However, a nonsyndromic congenital absence of this muscle is rare, and such absences are usually partial and unilateral. A complete or bilateral absence is even rarer. Two young men presented to our outpatient clinic with incidentally noted unilateral flat chest walls. By chest computed tomography, they were diagnosed with a congenital unilateral absence of the pectoralis muscles. They did not show any functional disability of the arms. As the congenital absence of the pectoralis muscles is often associated with leukemia and genitourinary anomalies, it is advised that hematological testing and renal ultrasonography be performed, even in nonsyndromic cases.

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confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonsyndromic Congenital Absence of the Pectoralis Muscles

Yuan

2018

J Nippon Med Sch

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Partial agenesis of the pectoralis major and minor muscle: A cadaveric case report

Bruna-Mejía,

Orellana-Donoso,

Nova-Baeza

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Rationale: The pectoralis major and minor muscles, located in the anterior chest wall, are crucial for upper limb movements. Patient concerns: Their nonsyndromic absence is rare but significant for surgical procedures involving the axillary and pectoral regions. Diagnoses: Ultrasound can confirm the diagnosis and delimit the extent of the muscular abnormality, detect abnormalities of the costal cartilages, among others. Interventions: This descriptive, cadaveric case report involves a formalin-fixed 57-year-old North American male, with no clinical or family history of similar conditions. The study was conducted at the Human Anatomy Laboratory of the School of Medicine of the Universidad Finis Terrae in Santiago, Chile, in August 2022. Outcomes: We present a cadaveric case of bilateral partial agenesis of the pectoralis muscles discovered during routine dissection. The pectoralis major muscle exhibited only the clavicular portion, with the sternocostal and abdominal portions absent and replaced by a thin layer of connective tissue bilaterally. The pectoralis minor muscle showed partial muscle fibers only in the most distal and inferior portions bilaterally. Lessons: This case report is significant due to the rarity of this condition without accompanying anatomical variations. Understanding this variant is valuable for clinical situations involving the shoulder and thorax region, such as trauma to the proximal third of the humerus, clavicular region, suprascapular region, and anterior chest wall. It may complicate conservative and/or surgical treatments due to different functional and irrigation patterns in the area and is also important for educating future professionals.

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Absence of Pectoralis Major

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Nonsyndromic Congenital Absence of the Pectoralis Muscles

Nonsyndromic Congenital Absence of the Pectoralis Muscles

Partial agenesis of the pectoralis major and minor muscle: A cadaveric case report

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