Absence of <scp>JC</scp> polyomavirus (<scp>JCP</scp>yV) viremia in early post‐transplant <scp>JCP</scp>yV nephropathy: A case report

Janphram, Chitimaporn; Worawichawong, Suchin; Disthabanchong, Sinee; Sumethkul, V.; Rotjanapan, Porpon

doi:10.1111/tid.12761

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Among HIV-infected patients with PML, JCPyV viremia is not more frequent than in matched HIV-infected control patients (83). Among the few studies regarding JCPyVAN, JCPyV viremia was reported in some patients with low viral loads of approximately 1E3 copies/ml and transient viremia, contrasting with the high viral loads (Ͼ1E6 copies/ml) in urine samples (88,91,92). (b) Detection in blood samples of nontransplanted individuals.…”

Section: Dna Viruses Double-stranded Dna Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus: a Review of Viruses Composing the Blood Virome of Solid Organ Transplant and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Viral primary infections and reactivations are common complications in patients after solid organ transplantation (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Among these patients, viral infections are frequently associated with viremia. Beyond the usual well-known viruses that are part of the routine clinical management of transplant recipients, numerous other viral signatures or genomes can be identified in the blood of these patients. The identification of novel viral species and variants by metagenomic next-generation sequencing has opened up a new field of investigation and new paradigms. Thus, there is a need to thoroughly describe the state of knowledge in this field with a review of all viral infections that should be scrutinized in high-risk populations. Here, we review the eukaryotic DNA and RNA viruses identified in blood, plasma, or serum samples of pediatric and adult SOT/HSCT recipients and the prevalence of their detection, with a particular focus on recently identified viruses and those for which their potential association with disease remains to be investigated, such as members of the Polyomaviridae, Anelloviridae, Flaviviridae, and Astroviridae families. Current knowledge of the clinical significance of these viral infections with associated viremia among transplant recipients is also discussed. To ensure a comprehensive description in these two populations, individuals described as healthy (mostly blood donors) are considered for comparative purposes. The list of viruses that should be on the clinicians’ radar is certainly incomplete and will expand, but the challenge is to identify those of possible clinical significance.

show abstract

Section: Dna Viruses Double-stranded Dna Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus: a Review of Viruses Composing the Blood Virome of Solid Organ Transplant and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…5,6 Biopsy-proven JC-PVN, on the other hand, is quite rare, with only a handful of reported cases. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] To date, the only extensive study on JC-PVN by Drachenberg et al reported an incidence of 0.9%, which constituted 6 biopsy-proven cases. 7 In comparison, BK-PVN for this same study had an incidence of 5.5%, >6 times that of JC-PVN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathologic Characteristics of JC Virus Nephropathy in Kidney Transplant Recipients

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. The vast majority of polyomavirus nephropathy (PVN) is due to BK virus, but rare cases result from JC virus reactivation. To date, only a handful of biopsy-proven JC-PVN cases have been reported. Here, we describe the clinical and pathologic findings in 7 patients with biopsy-proven JC-PVN. Methods. Search of the pathology archives at 2 institutions found 7 cases of JC-PVN. Clinical data were extracted from the electronic medical records, and the biopsies were reviewed. Results. Four cases were diagnosed at 6 y posttransplant or later. The remaining 3 cases presented within approximately 2 y posttransplant, of which 2 showed subclinical JC-PVN on surveillance biopsy. Two early presenting patients were treated for acute rejection just before acquiring JC-PVN. Late presenting patients had higher chronicity, which correlated to worse outcome. All but 1 biopsy showed nonspecific inflammation within areas of interstitial fibrosis without significant inflammation in unscarred cortex. The earliest presenting patient was the exception and showed active inflammation with tubulitis. Viral cytopathic changes were detected in all cases with moderate or high-histologic viral load (pvl), showing preference for the distal tubules and medulla. The 2 cases with low pvl did not demonstrate cytopathic changes but were SV40 positive. Conclusions. JC-PVN can be insidious in presentation, which may cause delayed or missed diagnosis. Unlike BK-PVN, which typically occurs early in the posttransplant period, JC-PVN can occur both early and late following transplant. Overreliance on negative plasma and urine BK viral loads to exclude PVN can be a pitfall.

show abstract

“…Not only is the kidney a major site of persistent JCPyV infection, but it is also a source of graft failure in kidney transplant patients. Case reports have demonstrated that, while rare, transplant patients can experience JCPyV-associated nephropathy (JC-PVAN) [ 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 ]. The mechanism behind how JCPyV infiltrates the kidney and how JC-PVAN may develop is unknown.…”

Section: How Is Jcpyv Transmitted?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyomavirus Wakes Up and Chooses Neurovirulence

Butic,

Spencer,

Shaheen

et al. 2023

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a human-specific polyomavirus that establishes a silent lifelong infection in multiple peripheral organs, predominantly those of the urinary tract, of immunocompetent individuals. In immunocompromised settings, however, JCPyV can infiltrate the central nervous system (CNS), where it causes several encephalopathies of high morbidity and mortality. JCPyV-induced progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a devastating demyelinating brain disease, was an AIDS-defining illness before antiretroviral therapy that has “reemerged” as a complication of immunomodulating and chemotherapeutic agents. No effective anti-polyomavirus therapeutics are currently available. How depressed immune status sets the stage for JCPyV resurgence in the urinary tract, how the virus evades pre-existing antiviral antibodies to become viremic, and where/how it enters the CNS are incompletely understood. Addressing these questions requires a tractable animal model of JCPyV CNS infection. Although no animal model can replicate all aspects of any human disease, mouse polyomavirus (MuPyV) in mice and JCPyV in humans share key features of peripheral and CNS infection and antiviral immunity. In this review, we discuss the evidence suggesting how JCPyV migrates from the periphery to the CNS, innate and adaptive immune responses to polyomavirus infection, and how the MuPyV-mouse model provides insights into the pathogenesis of JCPyV CNS disease.

show abstract

Absence of JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) viremia in early post‐transplant JCPyV nephropathy: A case report

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Beyond Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus: a Review of Viruses Composing the Blood Virome of Solid Organ Transplant and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Beyond Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus: a Review of Viruses Composing the Blood Virome of Solid Organ Transplant and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Clinicopathologic Characteristics of JC Virus Nephropathy in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Polyomavirus Wakes Up and Chooses Neurovirulence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About