Absence of Seasonal Variation in Graves Disease

Facciani, John; Kazim, Michael

doi:10.1097/00002341-200001000-00015

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Seasonal variation has been observed in several retrospective studies of Graves’, 3,20,21 but not in others 19,22 . No obvious variation was highlighted by graphing the data, and χ 2 analysis did not show a significant difference in the months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…19 Seasonal variation has been observed in several retrospective studies of Graves', 3,20,21 but not in others. 19,22 No obvious variation was highlighted by graphing the data, and v 2 analysis did not show a significant difference in the months. However, subtle seasonal variation may be uncovered in larger surveys by means of more complex analysis than this.…”

Section: Hashimoto's or Graves' Disease?mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Incidence of thyrotoxicosis in childhood: a national population based study in the UK and Ireland

Williamson

Greene

2010

Clinical Endocrinology

119

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SummaryObjective To measure the UK and Ireland incidence of childhood (<15 years) thyrotoxicosis and to describe the presenting features.Context Incidence data on thyrotoxicosis in childhood are not available for the UK and Ireland. Recent studies have reported an apparent increase in cases in Europe. Design A national prospective surveillance study for 12 months from September 2004, co-ordinated by The British Paediatric Surveillance Unit (BPSU). Patients and measurements All paediatricians across the UK and Ireland were requested monthly to report new cases. Details of presenting features were then obtained by questionnaire. Results One hundred ten cases of acquired childhood thyrotoxicosis were identified in the UK and Ireland. The incidence of acquired thyrotoxicosis was 0AE9 per 100,000 <15 years olds in the UK and Ireland, (95% CI: 0AE8-1AE1). Autoimmune thyrotoxicosis accounted for 96% of cases. There was an increasing incidence with age in each sex. Females have a significantly higher incidence than males in the 10-to 14-year age group. A variety of presenting symptoms were reported: weight loss (64%), fatigue/tiredness (54%), change in behaviour' (50%) and heat intolerance (47%). 4.5 % cases were asymptomatic. The commonest signs were goitre (78%) and tremor (58%). There were no cases of thyroid storm. Conclusions This national population survey defines the incidence of thyrotoxicosis in children in the UK and Ireland during 2004-2005, which was lower than expected in comparison with other European studies. The survey illustrates contemporary presenting characteristics of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Hashimoto's or Graves' Disease?mentioning

confidence: 93%

Incidence of thyrotoxicosis in childhood: a national population based study in the UK and Ireland

Williamson

Greene

2010

Clinical Endocrinology

119

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“…[1][2][3][4] It commonly affects women in the fifth decade of life and is usually diagnosed soon after the glandular aspects of Graves disease appear. 2,[5][6][7] Components of the orbital process include symmetric soft tissue swelling, proptosis, lid retraction (with characteristic temporal flare), and strabismus, due in large part to fibrosis of the extraocular muscles ( Figure 1 and Figure 2). The self-limited disease requires only supportive measures except in cases where severe corneal exposure keratitis or compressive optic neuropathy threatens vision and requires immediate medical attention.…”

Section: Clinical Features Of Taomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas in 80% of patients the onset of the glandular and orbital diseases occurs within 18 months of each other, the clinical appearance of the two can be separated by as much as 20 years in some cases. [5][6][7] Unlike other autoimmune diseases that are typically chronic with unpredictable episodes of acute relapse, most patients with TAO undergo spontaneous remission within 18 months of disease onset. This resolution does not appear to vary according to the type of therapy used.…”

Section: Some Unanswered Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy

Kazim

Goldberg²,

Smith³

2002

Arch Ophthalmol

Self Cite

120

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“…Whereas some authors reported an increased occurrence in the warmer months of the year [8,9], others failed to find any significant difference between seasons [10,11]. This discrepancy could be partly due to a bias toward increased awareness of thyrotoxic symptoms on warmer days [8] in addition to the effect of differing amounts of iodine in the diet [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation in Relapse Rate of Graves' Disease after Thionamide Drug Treatment

et al. 2003

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Abstract. Objective: Controversy abounds on the issue of seasonal variation in new onset of Graves' disease, partly due to the difficulty of precisely dating the exact start of symptoms. To address the possible relationship between climatic changes and disease activity from a different perspective, we reviewed time of relapse during regular follow-up after successful drug treatment with thionamides. Design: Retrospective analysis of a case series in a university clinic. Patients and measurements: We consecutively registered patients who experienced re-emergence of hyperthyroidism between 1992 and 2001 after successful antithyroid drug therapy. Excluded were subjects with superimposing painless thyroiditis, in postpartum, on immunomodulatory drugs, or off thionamides prematurely on their own volition. Results: Fifty-two patients recurred 2 to 36 months after drug cessation. The frequency was higher in spring and summer (March to August) than in autumn and winter (September to February). With a new coated-tube radioreceptor assay, TSH binding inhibitor immunoglobulin activity was detected in sera from 87.5% of the reworsened patients. Conclusions: Graves' disease tends to relapse more frequently in spring and summer. Further clinical studies are warranted to clarify underlying mechanism (s) for this seasonal variation.

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Absence of Seasonal Variation in Graves Disease

Abstract: This study fails to provide evidence for a seasonal influence on the incidence of Graves disease and the associated orbitopathy.

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Incidence of thyrotoxicosis in childhood: a national population based study in the UK and Ireland

Incidence of thyrotoxicosis in childhood: a national population based study in the UK and Ireland

Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy

Seasonal Variation in Relapse Rate of Graves' Disease after Thionamide Drug Treatment

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