Absence of Significant Chromosome Damage in Males Occupationally Exposed to Lead

O'riordan, M. L.; Evans, H. J.

doi:10.1038/247050a0

Cited by 61 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Lead is a pollutant and suspect carcinogen. Various organic and inorganic salts of this metal have been subjected to a variety of mutagenecity tests by O'Riordan and Evans (1974), Nishioka (1975), Singh andSharma (1980, 1982) etc. Lead has been found to inhibit spindle formation and showed c-mitotic effects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic Abnormalities and Tetraploidy (by Lead Nitrate) Induced by Heavy Metals (Pb, Cu, Hg, Zn) Helianthus annuus L.

Srivastava

2004

CYTOLOGIA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Cytological effects of some (Pb, Cu, Zn, Hg) heavy metals were tested on meiotic studies of Helianthus annuus. The used heavy metals did not show much variations in the type of induced abnormal PMCs. The abundant meiotic irregularities stickiness, lagging, bridges, unequal separation, fragmentation etc. were observed. Mercury was the most toxic of all used heavy metals since it produced highest percentage of abnormal PMCs. Lead nitrate is a mutagen which induce tetraploidy.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic Abnormalities and Tetraploidy (by Lead Nitrate) Induced by Heavy Metals (Pb, Cu, Hg, Zn) Helianthus annuus L.

Srivastava

2004

CYTOLOGIA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Whether or not occupational exposure to lead results in the induction of chromosomal alterations and/or SCEs still remains unresolved, with both positive and negative data being available Beck and Obe, 1974;Gerber et al, 1980;Nordenson et al, 1978aNordenson et al, , 1982O'Riordan and Evans, 1974;Quazi et al, 19801. Leucocyte cultures from workers exposed to several metals in combination have, however, given consistently higher frequencies of chromosomal anomalies than the controls.…”

Section: Group Ivamentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of metals on chromosomes of higher organisms

1987

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An analysis of the available data on the clastogenic effects of metals and their compounds on higher organisms indicates some general trends. Following chronic exposure to subtoxic doses, a decrease in mitotic frequency and an increase in the number of chromosomal abnormalities are observed. These effects are usually directly proportional to the dose applied and the duration of treatment within the threshold limits. Recovery after acute treatment is inversely related to the dosage. The ultimate expression of the effects depends on certain factors, including the mode and vehicle of administration; the form administered; the test system used; the rate of detoxification, distribution, and retention in the different tissues; and interaction with foreign and endogenous substances as well as the mode of action with the biological macromolecules. In mammals, the clastogenic activity of the metals within each vertical group of the periodic table is directly proportional to the increase in atomic weight, electropositivity, and solubility of the metallic cations in water and lipids, except for Li and Ba. This pattern of inherent cytotoxicity increases with successive periods in the horizontal level. It is enhanced by the formation of covalent and coordinate covalent complexes by heavy metals with the biological macromolecules. In plants, the solubility of the metals in water is of much greater importance. The degree of dissociation of metallic salts and the rate of absorption affect significantly the frequency of chromosomal aberrations. In assessing the effects of environmental metal pollution, the presence of other metals and toxic chemicals and the level of nutrition should be taken into account, since in nature, metals occur in combination and these factors modify the cytotoxic effects to a significant extent.

show abstract

“…Chromosomes in human lymphocytes from lead workers and from children exposed to lead have been examined by a number of investigators (50)(51)(52)(53)(54), and these studies have been recently reviewed (55). The results have been confficting, for some studies have shown evidence of chromosome damage and others have not done so, even in the presence of a toxic effect.…”

Section: Mutagenic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of cobalt, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, platinum, selenium, and titanium in carcinogenesis.

Kazantzis¹

1981

Environ Health Perspect

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The possible carcinogenicity of cobalt, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, platinum, selenium, and titanium is reviewed, taking into account epidemiological data, the results of animal experimental studies, data on mutagenic effects and on other in vitro test systems. Of the great variety of occupations where exposure to one of these metals may occur, only haematite mining has been clearly shown to involve an increased human cancer risk. While the possibility that haematite might in some way act as a carcinogen has to be taken into consideration it is more likely that other carcinogens are responsible. Certain platinum coordination complexes are used in cancer chemotherapy, are mutagenic, and likely to be carcinogenic. Cobalt, its oxide and sulfide, certain lead salts, one organomanganese, and one organotitanium compound have been shown to have a limited carcinogenic effect in experimental animal studies, and except for titanium appear to be mutagenic. Certain mercury compounds are mutagenic but none have been shown to be carcinogenic. The presently available data are inadequate to assess the possible carcinogenicity of selenium compounds, but a few observations suggest that selenium may suppress the effect of other carcinogens administered to experimental animals and may even be associated with lower cancer mortality rates in man. Epidemiological observations are essential for the assessment of a human cancer risk, but the difficulty in collecting past exposure data in occupational groups and the complexity of multiple occupational exposures with changes over time, limits the usefulness of retrospective epidemiological studies.

show abstract

Absence of Significant Chromosome Damage in Males Occupationally Exposed to Lead

Cited by 61 publications

References 8 publications

Meiotic Abnormalities and Tetraploidy (by Lead Nitrate) Induced by Heavy Metals (Pb, Cu, Hg, Zn) Helianthus annuus L.

Meiotic Abnormalities and Tetraploidy (by Lead Nitrate) Induced by Heavy Metals (Pb, Cu, Hg, Zn) Helianthus annuus L.

Effects of metals on chromosomes of higher organisms

Role of cobalt, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, platinum, selenium, and titanium in carcinogenesis.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About