1946) is typically known for his efforts in promoting a pan-Hispanic American cultural and literary identity. 1 Less known, however, is his role in re-introducing ancient Greek literature and thought across a region in which the Graeco-Roman classics were generally part of a forgotten colonial past. 2 The Dominican intellectual was a leading figure not only in the most prominent intellectual circles in Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Mexico, 3 but also in Argentina, where he spent last twenty years of his life teaching philology and literature at the University in La Plata, sharing a deep friendship with the young Jorge Luis Borges. 4 Though he repeatedly invoked Hellenic thought and literature in all these contexts for various ideological and political ends, 5 this chapter examines both his earliest and most intimate encounter with the ancient Greek world: the philhellenic Classics in Extremis, Chapter 8, 2