Absolute age range of the Late Cypriot IIC Period on Cyprus

Manning, Sturt W.; Weninger, Bernhard; South, Alison K.; Kling, Barbara; Kuniholm, Peter Ian; Muhly, James D.; Hadjisavvas, Soophocles; Sewell, David A.; Cadogan, Gerald

doi:10.1017/s0003598x00060981

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The LBA crisis, associated with a wave of destructions led by a flow of migrants, the Sea Peoples, is clearly attested in Cyprus with the end of the Late Cypriot IIC period, and the Late Cypriot IIC-IIIA transition dated to 1220–1190 cal yr BC [76]–[77]. Late Cypriot IIC ceramics, imported from Cyprus, were also found at Gibala-Tell Tweini (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Roots of the Late Bronze Age Crisis

et al. 2013

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The Late Bronze Age world of the Eastern Mediterranean, a rich linkage of Aegean, Egyptian, Syro-Palestinian, and Hittite civilizations, collapsed famously 3200 years ago and has remained one of the mysteries of the ancient world since the event’s retrieval began in the late 19th century AD/CE. Iconic Egyptian bas-reliefs and graphic hieroglyphic and cuneiform texts portray the proximate cause of the collapse as the invasions of the “Peoples-of-the-Sea” at the Nile Delta, the Turkish coast, and down into the heartlands of Syria and Palestine where armies clashed, famine-ravaged cities abandoned, and countrysides depopulated. Here we report palaeoclimate data from Cyprus for the Late Bronze Age crisis, alongside a radiocarbon-based chronology integrating both archaeological and palaeoclimate proxies, which reveal the effects of abrupt climate change-driven famine and causal linkage with the Sea People invasions in Cyprus and Syria. The statistical analysis of proximate and ultimate features of the sequential collapse reveals the relationships of climate-driven famine, sea-borne-invasion, region-wide warfare, and politico-economic collapse, in whose wake new societies and new ideologies were created.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Roots of the Late Bronze Age Crisis

et al. 2013

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“…This resulted in an "old wood" bias of greater magnitude than the difference between the 2 models. While the material from Cyprus (Manning et al 2001) is of more value in that it contains a significant number of short-lived examples, the error range was still too large to clearly distinguish between the Conventional and Ultra-low models. A further contributing factor in the case of the Cypriot data involves the uncertainty of the timing of the destruction or abandonment of various Cypriot centers near the end of the LC IIC period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this proposal was severely critiqued 1 and has not subsequently been accepted, one of the more severe opponents did concede that the absolute dates of the New Kingdom depend not on Sothic dating but on records of king-lists and synchronisms with historical data in Syro-Palestine and western Asia (Kitchen 1991:237). The critical reaction to James et al included 2 reviews of radiometric data by Manning and Weninger (1992) and Manning et al (2001) in which the authors concluded that the Conventional chronology was "approximately correct" and that their work had brought an end to "radically lower LBA chronologies in the eastern Mediterranean and Near East" (Manning et al 2001:340). Since then, the conventional Egyptian chronology has been generally retained, with the Low version of the allowed astronomical range increasingly preferred (Wente and Van Siclen 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Limits: Radiocarbon Dating and the End of the Late Bronze Age

Hagens¹

2006

Radiocarbon

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ABSTRACT. Archaeometry is becoming an increasingly important tool in chronological research related to events in the Ancient Near East during the 2nd millennium BCE. This paper is a review of recently published radiometric results in an attempt to establish the probable dating range for one particular event that occurred during the last quarter of that millennium, the end of the Late Bronze Age. The conclusion is that in spite of significant improvements in methodology in recent years, the quantity and quality of radiocarbon data are still insufficient to define the range of that date to much better than a century. It is concluded that the most likely date of the Late Bronze/Iron Age transition (here defined by the arrival of Mycenaean LH IIIC:1b pottery in the Levant) is somewhere in the 8-decade range between ~1170 to 1100 BCE. A comparative study of archaeological and historical evidence would appear to favor the lower value.

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“…In this paper, we employ the relative dating of the Late Cypriote (LC) period according to the basic tripartite system (LC I, LC II, and LC III) developed by Gjerstad (1926: 262-289), which was further refined and linked to absolute dating by, for example, the Swedish Cyprus Expedition (SCE IV: ID) and Merrillees (1977Merrillees ( , 1992 based on comparisons with chronologies from Egypt, the Near East, and the Aegean. Additional radiocarbon dating is provided by Manning et al (2001) and adapted by Hadjisavvas (2007), and our dating is based on these studies. The approximate dates for the LC period are as follows: LC IA c. 1650-1550, LC IB c. 1550-1450, LC IIA c. 1450-1375, LC IIB c. 1375-1340/1315, LC IIC c. 1340/1315-1200, LC IIIA c. 1200-1125(Merrillees, 1992Manning et al, 2001;Hadjisavvas, 2007).…”

Section: Archaeological Contexts and Pottery Samples Pottery Sherds Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Lead Isotopes to Determine Pottery Provenance in Cyprus: Clay Source Signatures and Comparison with Late Bronze Age Cypriote Pottery

et al. 2013

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This paper presents the lead isotopic composition of potential clay sources for pottery production, collected in the four major geological zones of Cyprus (Troodos Ophiolite, Circum Troodos Sedimentary Succession, Mamonia Terrane, Kyrenia Terrane) and evaluates its usefulness in Cypriote pottery provenance studies. The clay isotopic signatures from the four zones are compared to each other and to the isotopic composition of various utilitarian pottery wares from three Late Bronze Age sites, respectively located in southern Cyprus (Alassa‐Pano Mandilaris), east Cyprus (Enkomi), and southeast Cyprus (Hala Sultan Tekke). It also explores the potential of this method to better discriminate between potential raw materials used for the production of Base‐ring ware, one of the most characteristic fine pottery of Late Bronze Age Cyprus, which was widely spread in the Eastern Mediterranean (Courtois, 1981; Vaughan, 1991, 1994). Results show that three main lead isotopic fields can be distinguished among the Cypriote clay sources and the comparison of Plain sherds with the clay sources allows discrimination between local products and imports. They also clearly indicate that all the Base‐ring sherds analyzed in this study were made of the clays from the Kathikas Formation that crops out in only limited parts of southwest Cyprus.

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Absolute age range of the Late Cypriot IIC Period on Cyprus

Abstract: Extensive radiocarbon data are examined, including results from short-lived samples contemporary with use-contexts. An absolute date range for the main Late Cypriot IIC period on Cyprus, from c. 1340–1315 BC to c. 1200 BC, is proposed.

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Environmental Roots of the Late Bronze Age Crisis

Environmental Roots of the Late Bronze Age Crisis

Testing the Limits: Radiocarbon Dating and the End of the Late Bronze Age

Using Lead Isotopes to Determine Pottery Provenance in Cyprus: Clay Source Signatures and Comparison with Late Bronze Age Cypriote Pottery

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