Absorption and Hot-Electron Production for 1.05 and 0.53 μm Light on Spherical Targets

Slater, D. C.; Busch, G. E.; Charatis, G.; Johnson, R. R.; Mayer, F. J.; Schroeder, R. J.; Simpson, John; Sullivan, D.; Tarvin, J. A.; Thomas, Ciza

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.46.1199

Cited by 59 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…where A is a constant (4 × 10 −7 in [5]) and the value α varies from α ∼ 1/3 ('hot dynamics' at high laser intensities, being −v o /v e > 1, v o is the quiver velocity of an electron in the vacuum laser field and v e is the thermal electron velocity) to α ∼ 2/3 ('cold dynamics' −v o /v e < 1, electrons are stochastically heated in the corona) [22,[29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of highly charged ion and X-ray emissions from the laser-produced plasma in the presence of non-linear phenomena

Láska

Ryć

Badziak

et al. 2005

Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids

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Flux of X-ray radiation emitted from the Ta plasma, produced by the fundamental (1ω) and the third harmonic (3ω) frequencies of the high-power iodine laser PALS, was studied in dependence on the laser focus position. One or two (three) maxima, corresponding to the hard or soft component of the emitted spectrum, can appear, according to the experimental conditions. These dependencies are compared with those published by other authors, and also with our results concerning the highly charged ion generation. At laser intensities above I L ∼ 10 14 W/cm 2 , the participation of non-linear processes in the pre-formed plasma was confirmed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of highly charged ion and X-ray emissions from the laser-produced plasma in the presence of non-linear phenomena

Láska

Ryć

Badziak

et al. 2005

Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids

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“…Absorption and hot-electron generation in spherical targets at intensities of 10 14 -10 16 W cm -2 have been measured at 526 nm. 4 We report the first characterization of these quantities on spherical targets irradiated with multiple-beam 351-nm radiation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Absorption Physics at 351 nm in Spherical Geometry

et al. 1985

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Absorption and energy partitioning have been measured for spherical targets irradiated on the OMEGA facility by six beams of nanosecond 351-nm laser radiation at intensities from 10 13 to 10 15 W cm -2 . Efficient collisional absorption is found, in agreement with one-dimensional simulations including refraction and inhibited transport, and very low levels ( ~ 10 ~4) of superthermal electron production are demonstrated.

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“…5-3. The results include 0.53-lm data obtained by Mead et al 148 at LLNL and Slater et al 149 at KMS Fusion, and 0.35-lm data obtained at LLE by Seka et al 144 and Richardson et al 150 Most datasets cover a large range of incident intensity, typically two to three orders of magnitude, by a combination of varying the laser energy and the focal-spot size.…”

Section: Short-wavelength Absorption Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-drive inertial confinement fusion: A review

et al. 2015

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The direct-drive, laser-based approach to inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is reviewed from its inception following the demonstration of the first laser to its implementation on the present generation of high-power lasers. The review focuses on the evolution of scientific understanding gained from target-physics experiments in many areas, identifying problems that were demonstrated and the solutions implemented. The review starts with the basic understanding of laser–plasma interactions that was obtained before the declassification of laser-induced compression in the early 1970s and continues with the compression experiments using infrared lasers in the late 1970s that produced thermonuclear neutrons. The problem of suprathermal electrons and the target preheat that they caused, associated with the infrared laser wavelength, led to lasers being built after 1980 to operate at shorter wavelengths, especially 0.35 μm—the third harmonic of the Nd:glass laser—and 0.248 μm (the KrF gas laser). The main physics areas relevant to direct drive are reviewed. The primary absorption mechanism at short wavelengths is classical inverse bremsstrahlung. Nonuniformities imprinted on the target by laser irradiation have been addressed by the development of a number of beam-smoothing techniques and imprint-mitigation strategies. The effects of hydrodynamic instabilities are mitigated by a combination of imprint reduction and target designs that minimize the instability growth rates. Several coronal plasma physics processes are reviewed. The two-plasmon–decay instability, stimulated Brillouin scattering (together with cross-beam energy transfer), and (possibly) stimulated Raman scattering are identified as potential concerns, placing constraints on the laser intensities used in target designs, while other processes (self-focusing and filamentation, the parametric decay instability, and magnetic fields), once considered important, are now of lesser concern for mainline direct-drive target concepts. Filamentation is largely suppressed by beam smoothing. Thermal transport modeling, important to the interpretation of experiments and to target design, has been found to be nonlocal in nature. Advances in shock timing and equation-of-state measurements relevant to direct-drive ICF are reported. Room-temperature implosions have provided an increased understanding of the importance of stability and uniformity. The evolution of cryogenic implosion capabilities, leading to an extensive series carried out on the 60-beam OMEGA laser [Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)], is reviewed together with major advances in cryogenic target formation. A polar-drive concept has been developed that will enable direct-drive–ignition experiments to be performed on the National Ignition Facility [Haynam et al., Appl. Opt. 46(16), 3276 (2007)]. The advantages offered by the alternative approaches of fast ignition and shock ignition and the issues associated with these concepts are described. The lessons learned from target-physics and implosion experiments are taken into account in ignition and high-gain target designs for laser wavelengths of 1/3 μm and 1/4 μm. Substantial advances in direct-drive inertial fusion reactor concepts are reviewed. Overall, the progress in scientific understanding over the past five decades has been enormous, to the point that inertial fusion energy using direct drive shows significant promise as a future environmentally attractive energy source.

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Absorption and Hot-Electron Production for 1.05 and 0.53 μm Light on Spherical Targets

Cited by 59 publications

References 9 publications

Correlation of highly charged ion and X-ray emissions from the laser-produced plasma in the presence of non-linear phenomena

Correlation of highly charged ion and X-ray emissions from the laser-produced plasma in the presence of non-linear phenomena

Absorption Physics at 351 nm in Spherical Geometry

Direct-drive inertial confinement fusion: A review

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