Absorption and metabolism of volatile fatty acids by rumen and omasum

Daniel, João Luiz Pratti; Júnior, João Chrysostomo de Resende

doi:10.1590/s1413-70542012000100012

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This finding suggests that the factors that stimulate cell proliferation in the omasum are the same as those that stimulate cell proliferation in the rumen. This relationship has also been reported in slaughterhouse animals (Daniel;Resende Júnior, 2012).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Morphological Response of the Ruminal and Omasal Mucosae to the Variation in Diet Energy

et al. 2015

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The absorption capacity of the rumen responds positively to direct and indirect stimulation by VFA; there is also evidence that the wall of the omasum also responds to these stimuli. To further investigate these reports, we compared the tissue morphologies of rumen and omasum biopsy samples. Four cows surgically fitted with ruminal cannulas were sequentially fed two diets. These diets included corn silage (S) and a combination of corn silage and commercial concentrate (CS). The animals were fed S for the first 18 days of the experiment, followed by CS for the next 18 days. They were then fasted for 72 h (F), and then had at least 18 days of re-feeding. Biopsy samples were taken from the blade of the omasum and the ventral sac of the rumen at different time points during each diet: samples were taken from S-diet animals at day 18; CS, at days 4 and 18; F, at the end of the 72 h; and re-fed animals, at days 4, 12, and 18. The mitotic index of the basal layers of the ruminal and omasal epithelia and the VFA concentration in the rumen were higher after 4 days of CS diet. There was a positive correlation between the mitotic indices of the rumen and omasum. The width of the ruminal papillae varied with different diets, and was highest on day 18 of the CS diet. Our results indicate that stimulation of cell division due to increased dietary energy simultaneously affected both compartments of the stomach.Index terms: Acidosis; morphology; physiology; transition diet. RESUMOA capacidade de absorção do rúmen responde, positivamente, a estímulos diretos e indiretos dos AGV e existem evidências de que a parede do omaso também responde a esses estímulos. Sendo assim, comparamos a morfologia do rúmen e omaso obtidos por biopsia. Quatro vacas, implantadas com uma cânula ruminal, foram alimentadas, sequencialmente, com duas dietas. Uma dieta consistia de silagem de milho (S), sendo a outra composta de silagem de milho e concentrado comercial (CS). Os animais foram alimentados com S por 18 dias de experimento, seguido por CS para os próximos 18 dias. Eles foram, em seguida, mantidos em jejum durante 72 h (F) e, em seguida, foram realimentados por 18 dias. Biópsias da lâmina do omaso e do saco ventral do rúmen foram obtidas em diferentes momentos para cada dieta: S, no dia 18; CS, nos dias 4 e 18; F, no final das 72 h e realimentação, nos dias 4, 12 e 18. O índice mitótico (IM) da camada basal do epitélio ruminal e omaso e a concentração de AGV no rúmen foram superiores após 4 dias de CS. Houve uma correlação positiva entre os índices de mitose do rúmen e omaso. A largura das papilas ruminais variou com diferentes dietas, e foi maior no dia 18 do regime alimentar CS. Os nossos resultados indicam que a estimulação da divisão das células, em razão do aumento da energia da dieta tiveram efeitos simultâneos em ambos os compartimentos do estômago.Termos para indexação: Acidose; fisiologia; morfologia; dieta de transição.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Morphological Response of the Ruminal and Omasal Mucosae to the Variation in Diet Energy

et al. 2015

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“…Efficient cattle have been shown to have increased rumen epithelium thickness compared with inefficient contemporaries ( Lam et al, 2017 ). It is possible that greater butyrate availability in the rumen of LRFI animals may increase the rumen surface area for absorption, therefore proliferating absorption of high energy VFAs, such as propionate from the rumen to the liver ( Daniel and de Resende Júnior, 2012 ; Keogh et al, 2017 ). Decreased absorption of VFAs across the rumen epithelium has been previously associated with low feed efficiency ( Albornoz et al, 2013 ; Zhang et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S rRNA Sequencing Reveals Relationship Between Potent Cellulolytic Genera and Feed Efficiency in the Rumen of Bulls

et al. 2018

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The rumen microbial population dictates the host’s feed degradation capacity and subsequent nutrient supply. The rising global human population and intensifying demand for animal protein is creating environmental challenges. As a consequence, there is an increasing requirement for livestock with enhanced nutrient utilization capacity in order to more efficiently convert plant material to high quality edible muscle. In the current study, residual feed intake (RFI), a widely used and a highly accepted measure of feed efficiency in cattle, was calculated for a combination of three cohorts of Simmental bulls. All animals were managed similarly from birth and offered concentrate ad libitum in addition to 3 kg of grass silage daily during the finishing period. Solid and liquid rumen digesta samples collected at slaughter and were analyzed using amplicon sequencing targeting the 16S rRNA gene utilizing the Illumina MiSeq platform. Volatile fatty acid analysis was also conducted on the liquid digesta samples. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was utilized to determine the association between RFI and bacterial and archaeal taxa and inter-taxonomic relationships. The data indicate a tendency toward an increase in butyrate (P = 0.06), which corresponds with an increase in plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentration in low RFI (LRFI) bulls in comparison to their high RFI (HRFI) contemporaries (P < 0.05). A decrease in propionate (P < 0.05) was also recorded in the rumen of LRFI in comparison to HRFI bulls. These results indicate alternate fermentation patterns in the rumen of LRFI bulls. The data also identified that OTUs within the phyla Tenericutes, Fibrobacteres, and Cyanobacteria may potentially influence RFI phenotype. In particular, a negative association between F. succinogenes and RFI was evident. The unique cellulolytic metabolism of F. succinogenes suggests it could contribute to host efficiency by providing substrate to the host ruminant and other microbial populations (e.g., Selenomonas ruminantium, Methanobrevibacter, and Methanomassiliicoccaceae) in the rumen. This study provides evidence that bacterial OTUs within common phyla could influence ruminant feed efficiency phenotype through their role in ruminal degradation of complex plant polysaccharides or increased capability to harvest nutrients from ingested feed.

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“…Volatile fatty acid (VFA) compositions of the silage samples were determined using the methods of Daniel & Resende (2012). VFA concentrations were determined in supernatant obtained after centrifugation at 8,855 g for 15 minutes at room temperature.…”

Section: Determination Of Anti-nutrients and Organic Acid Contents Of Silagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritive Value and Preference of Guinea-Grass Ensiled with or without Additive by West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats

Abegunde

Babalola

Adeoye

et al. 2021

Trop. Anim. Sci. J.

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A study was designed to investigate silage additives’ effect on preference and nutritive value of five weeks re-growth guinea grass by West African dwarf (WAD) goats. The silages of five weeks re-growth guinea grass were made without additive (T1), with cassava peels additive (T2), and with fermented epiphytic juice of lactic acid bacteria in Panicum maximum (FEJPM) additive (T3). The effects of silage additives on preference, voluntary feed intake, growth, digestibility, and nitrogen utilization were assessed using 18 growing WAD goats (BW: 5.88±0.26 kg) in a completely randomized design. Dry matter was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 silage (40.70 g/100g) than in T1 silage (39.00) and T3 silage (34.60). Crude protein values were similar (p>0.05) in T1 and T3 silages (10.63 and 10.72 g/100g DM) that were significantly lower (p<0.05) than that in T2 silage (12.54 g/100g DM). The silages of guinea grass had acceptable physical attributes in terms of color, odor, and texture, with pH values ranging from 3.87- 4.97. T1 and T3 silages were rejected, whereas T2 silage was accepted well by the experimental WAD goats. Average daily feed intake (ADFI) was significantly (p<0.05) the highest in the WAD goats fed T2 silage (303.30 g/day), and the lowest (p<0.05) was found in WAD goats fed T1 silage (271.60 g/day). Similar to the ADFI, the highest average daily gain (ADG) was found in WAD goats fed T2 silage (37.25 g/day), and the lowest ADG (p<0.05) was found in WAD goats fed T1 silage (24.50 g/day). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of WAD goats fed T2 silage (8.15) was superior to those of WAD goats fed T1 silage (13.63) and T3 silage (9.66). Crude protein and dry matter digestibility values were higher (p<0.05) in WAD goat fed T2 silage (68.24 and 63.87%, respectively) than in WAD goats fed T1 and T3 silages. Nitrogen intake and balance were significantly (p<0.05) the highest in WAD goats fed T2 silage (12.41 and 8.68 g/day, respectively), and these variables were similar in WAD goats fed T1 and T3 silages. Nitrogen retention was not affected by the silage additives. It was concluded that cassava peels were better than FEJPM as a silage additive since it improved fermentative quality, acceptability, feed intake, and digestibility of guinea grass silage by WAD goats.

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Absorption and metabolism of volatile fatty acids by rumen and omasum

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Morphological Response of the Ruminal and Omasal Mucosae to the Variation in Diet Energy

Morphological Response of the Ruminal and Omasal Mucosae to the Variation in Diet Energy

16S rRNA Sequencing Reveals Relationship Between Potent Cellulolytic Genera and Feed Efficiency in the Rumen of Bulls

Nutritive Value and Preference of Guinea-Grass Ensiled with or without Additive by West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats

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