Absorption and reduced scattering coefficients in epidermis and dermis from a Swedish cohort study

Correlations of light scattering properties in human skin with the person’s age assessed using a non-invasive technique

“…The same study also supports our finding that the dermal reduced scattering coefficient decreases significantly with person’s age [ 38 ]. However, their reported rate of 0.009 mm –1 per year is considerably smaller than our result (0.025 ± 0.006 mm –1 y –1 ).…”

“…Note that we could compare these values directly, because the above study [ 38 ] found average blood contents of b pap = 1.1% and b ret = 0.75%, which are very close to the value of 1% used for normalization of our data ( Eq. (5) ).…”

“…In addition, their optical model uses the same scattering properties for both epidermis in dermis, so the results inevitably reflect a combined effect of both layers. However, given the applied source-detector separations of 0.4 and 1.2 mm and the corresponding estimates of the sampling depths [ 38 ], it seems plausible that the results are biased in favor of the dermis.…”

Artificial neural networks trained on simulated multispectral data for real-time imaging of skin microcirculatory blood oxygen saturation

“…In a previous study with an optical fiber probe-based system, we showed that the type of MC model used in this study can be expanded to fully explain the diffuse reflectance spectra from a wide range of skin tissue types. 38 In this work, however, we did not thoroughly explore what tissue model complexity is needed to produce algorithms capable of accurate modeling of MSI reflectance of different skin tissue types. Our in-vivo example has, however, uncovered (data not shown) that a single-layer tissue model or a model lacking melanin or vessel packaging effect cannot be fitted accurately to the measured data.…”

Optical clearing of human skin: Molecular modeling and in vivo OCT study

“…The application of modern methods of photomedicine and biomedical optics for diagnosis and therapy of diseases entails difficulties arising because of strong light scattering in the UV, visible, and NIR regions inherent to skin and many other soft and hard tissues [1]. This scattering happens due to inhomogeneity of refractive indices at borders of different macromolecular structures, mainly on collagen fibers that are primarily responsible for light scattering in skin [2]. These difficulties, in particular, can be overcome with topical delivery of biocompatible molecular agents into the tissue, which facilitates its optical clearing (OC) to some extent [1, 3–6].…”