Absorption and scatter of encapsulated gas filled microspheres: Theoretical considerations and some measurements

Jong, Nico de; Hoff, Lars; Skotland, Tore; Bom, N.

doi:10.1016/0041-624x(92)90041-j

Cited by 459 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…34,35 Microbubbles can have vibrational resonance at very specific frequencies, as seen with sonographic contrast agents, but their resonance does not cause the artifacts that are seen in lung scans, and they in fact behave like Rayleigh scatterers. 36 If this were true, in fact, ring-down artifacts would also be seen when bubble contrast agents are introduced into the bloodstream. On the contrary, bubbles with a large radius, above the threshold of an oscillating system, act as specular reflectors and, if large, create transducer (horizontal) reverberations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic Interstitial Syndrome

Soldati¹,

Copetti

Sher

2009

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

225

172

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Objective. Ultrasound lung comets (ULCs) now have an acknowledged correlation with extravascular lung water, but they present in different orders and numbers in different pathologic pulmonary entities. How these artifacts are created is not yet known, and the literature gives discordant hypotheses. Understanding their formation is the first step in understanding lung disease. The purpose of this study was to show the morphologic and genetic variability of interstitial lung disease studied with echography and thus to propose a unitary mechanism for the formation of ULCs. Methods. This study included 3 parts: (1) a retrospective analysis of echographic lung images of patients with interstitial syndrome; (2) an analysis of the literature for definitions of the size of the pulmonary lobule; and (3) an experimental model of different air-water interfaces scanned with varying ultrasonic frequencies.Results. The retrospective analysis of echographic lung images included 176 patients with diffuse ULCs: 118 patients had acute pulmonary edema; 18 had acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome; and 40 were premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Experimental models permitted us to discover that ring-down artifacts are produced only by single and double layers of bubbles in specific structural settings. Conclusions. Reverberation between bubbles with a critical radius seems to be at the origin of ring-down artifacts. Echographic manifestations of interstitial lung disease, whose genesis lies in the partial air loss of lobes and segments, are acoustic phenomena originating from variations in the tissue-fluid relationship of the lung. A correlation between anatomopathologic characteristics and structures of sonographic artifacts could allow more rapid and noninvasive diagnoses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic Interstitial Syndrome

Soldati¹,

Copetti

Sher

2009

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

225

172

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“…Non-linear contacts [6,7], forcechains [8], frequency-dependence [9,10] and also scattering and attenuation in other "particle type" materials [11] are reported. Ballistic pulse propagation can co-exist with a slower multiply scattered, coda-like signal [4,12], and the stress-and frequency-dependence of the wave propagation features are subject of ongoing discussion [3,4] in static and shaken packings as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sound wave propagation in weakly polydisperse granular materials

Mouraille

Luding

2008

Ultrasonics

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Dynamic simulations of wave propagation are performed in dense granular media with a narrow polydisperse size-distribution and a linear contact-force law. A small perturbation is created on one side of a static packing and its propagation, for both P-and S-waves, is examined. A size variation comparable to the typical contact deformation already changes sound propagation considerably. The transmission spectrum becomes discontinuous, i.e., a lower frequency band is transmitted well, while higher frequencies are not, possibly due to attenuation and scattering.This behaviour is qualitatively reproduced for (i) Hertz non-linear contacts, for (ii) frictional contacts, (iii) for a range of smaller amplitudes, or (iv) for larger systems. This proves that the observed wave propagation and dispersion behaviour is intrinsic and not just an artifact of (i) a linear model, (ii) a frictionless packing, (iii) a large amplitude non-linear wave, or (iv) a finite size effect.

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“…De Jong et al (1992) have shown that this degree of attenuation is apparent for Albunex ® when diluted l:10,000. In the worst case, the 2.5 mL injectate diluted in the blood volume of the human (5 L) gives a dilution of 1:2,000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…8. The bar diagram gives the normalized number of counts as function of the channel diameter as measured with a Coulter Multisizer II (De Jong et al 1992). The Multisizer has an aperture of 50 tim employing 64 channels with diameters ranging from 1 to 35 #m. The width of each channel increases for larger channel diameters as indicated in the figure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification of transpulmonary echocontrast effects

Jong

Cate

Vletter

et al. 1993

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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Abstract--Videodensity of left heart and right heart were studied after intravenous injection of increasing dosages of 0.01-0.02 and 0.04 mL/kg bodyweight of Albunex ® in 10 healthy volunteers. The increase in videodensity in the left ventricle was always lower than in the right ventricle. Possible explanations are diffusion of gases caused by ambient pressures changes and change in microspheres distribution due to the sieving effect of the lung capillary bed. These phenomena were studied in vitro and were consistent with clinical observations. These limitations restrict a quantitative assessment of left heart echocontrast after intravenous injection.

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Absorption and scatter of encapsulated gas filled microspheres: Theoretical considerations and some measurements

Cited by 459 publications

References 9 publications

Sonographic Interstitial Syndrome

Sonographic Interstitial Syndrome

Sound wave propagation in weakly polydisperse granular materials

Quantification of transpulmonary echocontrast effects

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