Absorption kinetics of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) in various cement-based solutions

Kang, Sung-Hoon; Hong, Seong Hyeon; Moon, Juhyuk

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.03.009

Cited by 150 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Irregular particles had a density of 1.5 g/mL. Size distribution of the particles was measured by laser diffraction technique (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Panalytical, Malvern, UK) using ethanol as a dispersant, and the results are shown in Figure 1 [18,19]. The volume-based mean diameter D[4,3] was 69 μm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Effective Water-to-Cement Ratios on Internal Damage and Salt Scaling of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer

et al. 2019

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Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) is attracting attention as a water-entraining admixture that reduces shrinkage or heals cracks in concrete. Cross-linked sodium polyacrylate SAPs, which are the most widely produced SAPs in the global market, are applicable as concrete admixtures. However, there have been contradictory results on the freeze–thaw resistance of concrete with SAPs. This study aims to clarify these results considering the water absorption behavior of SAPs in hardened concrete when effective water-to-cement ratios are different. Firstly, the absorbencies of one kind of cross-linked sodium polyacrylate SAP (SAP_SP) in pore solution and fresh mortar were measured by a tea bag test and flow test, respectively. Pore size distribution, capillary water absorption, and deformation during freeze–thaw cycles were analyzed for mortar samples with varying SAP_SP dosages. In the main tests, concrete samples with three different SAP_SPs/cement ratios (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%) and a reference sample were prepared, and internal damage and salt scaling were measured under freeze–thaw cycles. Because SAP_SP absorbs water in fresh mixtures, additional water was added to the mixture considering the water absorbency of the SAP_SP. It was found that the used SAP_SPs prematurely release their stored water so the effective water-to-cement ratio was increased when a larger amount of SAP_SP was used. The higher effective water-to-cement ratio caused more internal damage and salt scaling due to the weaker cementitious matrix. In addition, mortar samples with a high SAP_SP content show a larger absorption of capillary water than the reference sample. The result can be interpreted by an observation that SAP_SP in air voids absorbs water and expands to relatively large capillary pores or neighbor air voids during the capillary water absorption process.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Effective Water-to-Cement Ratios on Internal Damage and Salt Scaling of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer

et al. 2019

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“…The mean dry particle size was 535.01 μm for SAP A, 165.84 μm for SAP B, 644.84 μm for SAP C, and 482.37 μm for SAP D. among the studies: (1) additions of 0.3% to 0.6% SAP by mass of cement were highly effective in mitigating autogenous shrinkage and resulting cracks in cement-based materials, even with and without supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs); (2) SAP additions may adversely affect mechanical properties particularly at early ages; (3) SAP additions increased both yield stress and plastic viscosity of mixtures; (4) SAP effectively blocked cracks upon external water supply, securing watertightness; (5) the restrained stress and stress rate decreased with additions of SAP; (6) the tensile creep of SAP concrete was comparable to that of reference mixture; (7) the "entrained" air voids formed by swollen SAP particles improved the resistance against frost attack; and (8) SAP promoted autogenous healing capacities of cementitious systems. While such works shed some light on multifunctional possibilities of using SAP in cement-based materials, only a few studies are available that have addressed how chemical structures and physical dimensions affect the hygral behavior of SAP [7,[30][31][32].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, while the absorptivity measured in distilled water converged to an almost constant value after 10 min due to the elastic retraction forces acting on the cross-linked polymer chains [30], the absorptivity measured in cement filtrate gradually decreased over time. This is due to the neutralization of SAP resulting from the interaction between anionic carboxylate groups of the polymer and Ca 2+ ions presenting in the solution, which uncharged the polymer chains [30,32].…”

Section: Absorption Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hygral Behavior of Superabsorbent Polymers with Various Particle Sizes and Cross-Linking Densities

Yun

Kim²,

Choi

et al. 2017

Polymers

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This study focuses on investigating the effects of particle size and cross-linking density on the hygral behavior of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), which are increasingly used as an internal curing material for high-performance concrete. Four SAPs with different mean particle diameters and cross-linking densities were tested under controlled wetting and drying conditions to measure free absorption and desorption kinetics. Absorption capacities of SAPs under actual mixing conditions were additionally measured and verified by means of mortar flow and semi-adiabatic hydration heat measurements. In addition, the effects of SAP type and dosage (i.e., 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% by mass of cement) on the mechanical properties of hardened mortar were assessed. The results indicated that: (1) the absorption capacity increased with decreased cross-linking density and increased particle size under both load-free and mixing conditions; and (2) the greater the cross-linking density and the lower the particle size, the shorter the desorption time. It was also confirmed that while the early-age mechanical properties were more related with the gel strength of swollen SAP, the later-age mechanical properties were more affected by the water retention capacity and spatial distribution of SAP in the matrix.

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“…Super absorbent polymer (SAP) was reported to have a hydrophilic network structure due to it can absorb up to thousand times of its dry weight. SAPs has been used in various application such as admixture or additive for concrete [2]. Baby diapers absorbent layer consists of super absorbent polymer gel or hydrogel which it locked urine and stored within it polymeric structure [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Self-curing High Strength Concrete by using Baby Polymer Diapers

et al. 2018

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This study investigates the self-curing concrete using baby polymer diapers as substitute method of curing process in order to improve mechanical and physical properties of concrete. Three different proportion of baby polymer diapers which are 1%, 3% and 5% were mix with concrete. Slump, compressive strength and drying shrinkage test were performed in order to study the workability, strength and durability of the concrete. All concrete were tested for 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days for drying shrinkage test. Meanwhile, all concrete were test at 3, 7 and 28 days for compressive strength test. Compressive strength of concrete containing 5% baby polymer diapers show the highest strength at 28 days compared to others percentage. Thus, it indicates that application of baby polymer diaper as self-cure agent can improve the concrete performances.

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Absorption kinetics of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) in various cement-based solutions

Cited by 150 publications

References 29 publications

Influence of Effective Water-to-Cement Ratios on Internal Damage and Salt Scaling of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer

Influence of Effective Water-to-Cement Ratios on Internal Damage and Salt Scaling of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer

Hygral Behavior of Superabsorbent Polymers with Various Particle Sizes and Cross-Linking Densities

Properties of Self-curing High Strength Concrete by using Baby Polymer Diapers

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