Absorption of 233U, 237Np, 238Pu, 241Am and 244Cm From the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Rats Fed an Iron-Deficient Diet

Sullivan, M.F.; Ruemmler, P.S.

doi:10.1097/00004032-198803000-00008

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The physical activity of an animal , its health status (e.g., diarrhoea) and nutritional balance have an influence on their radionuclide uptake and metabolism. Iron-deficiency in food increases the absorption of D, Np, Am and Cm in rats [24]. The same effect has been reported by many investigators for other non-ferrous metals that may share intestinal absorption routes with iron [24].…”

Section: Physiological Factorssupporting

confidence: 70%

Radioactive Contamination of Aquatic Ecosystems: Source, Transfer and Countermeasures

Vandecasteele

2004

Risk Assessment as a Tool for Water Resources Decision-Making in Central Asia

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Continental waters represent a key natural resource for the socio-economic development and welfare of human communities . However, because of its numerous uses for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes, freshwaters are perhaps the most sensitive natural resource as almost all activities listed above contribute to degrade and pollute it. In the last centuries as well as to this day, the development of human populations and activities have required steadily increasing amounts of water, resulting in a general increase of the degradation of water quality of many rivers, lakes, and aquifers . Surface and underground waters are potential sources of populations exposure to technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material and artificial radioactivity. Direct exposure can be associated with the consumption of drinking water or foodstuffs (i.e., fish, shellfish, aquatic plants, etc.) but also with leisure and sport activities such as fishing and swimming . Indirect human exposure arises from the use of river waters for irrigation and watering of livestock or from the use of algae or sludges as soil amendments. This paper reviews the potential sources of freshwater contamination by natural and artificial radioactivity . It further describes the radiological exposure pathways of humans and discusses the feasibility and effectiveness of potential countermeasures to prevent exposure above acceptable limits.

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Section: Physiological Factorssupporting

confidence: 70%

Radioactive Contamination of Aquatic Ecosystems: Source, Transfer and Countermeasures

Vandecasteele

2004

Risk Assessment as a Tool for Water Resources Decision-Making in Central Asia

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“…It has been reported that fasting animals absorb 10 times more U than non-fasting animals [ 24 ]. It has also been found that dietary iron (supplement and deficiency) can significantly increase U absorption [ 10 , 25 ]. This information is particularly important with regard to human U exposure and suggest that, although overall U absorption is low, under certain dietary conditions such as fasting or changes in iron intake can affect U retention and potential toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimal uranium accumulation in lymphoid tissues following an oral 60-day uranyl acetate exposure in male and female C57BL/6J mice

et al. 2018

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High levels of uranium (U) exist in soil, water, and air in the Southwestern United States due, in part, to waste generated from more than 160,000 abandoned hard rock mines located in this region. As a result, many people living in this region are chronically exposed to U at levels that have been linked to detrimental health outcomes. In an effort to establish a relevant in vivo mouse model for future U immunotoxicity studies, we evaluated the tissue distribution of U in immune organs; blood, bone marrow, spleen, and thymus, as well as femur bones, kidneys, and liver, following a 60-d drinking water exposure to uranyl acetate (UA) in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Following the 60-d exposure, there was low overall tissue retention of U (<0.01%) at both the 5 and the 50 ppm (mg/L) oral concentrations. In both male and female mice, there was limited U accumulation in immune organs. U only accumulated at low concentrations in the blood and bone marrow of male mice (0.6 and 16.8 ng/g, respectively). Consistent with previous reports, the predominant sites of U accumulation were the femur bones (350.1 and 399.0 ng/g, respectively) and kidneys (134.0 and 361.3 ng/g, respectively) of male and female mice. Findings from this study provide critical insights into the distribution and retention of U in lymphoid tissues following chronic drinking water exposure to U. This information will serve as a foundation for immunotoxicological assessments of U, alone and in combination with other metals.

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“…Some toxic metals, such as Cd [see 37], Pb [38], or Pu [39] are thought to share, at least in part, the intestinal pathway of iron. Longitudinal transfer data present an additional base of comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat Intestinal Iron Transfer Capacity and the Longitudinal Distribution of Its Adaptation to Iron Deficiency

Schümann¹,

Elsenhans²,

Ehtechami³

et al. 1990

Digestion

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The longitudinal gradient of intestinal iron transfer was investigated in normal and iron-deficient male Sprague-Dawley rats in vitro and in vivo. In normal rats in vitro iron transfer in the duodenum was approximately 3 times higher than in the jejunum and decreased in the ileum to approximately half the jejunal values. Compared to the controls in vitro iron transfer was increased 3–4 times in the duodenum and in the first jejunal segment and 2–3 times in the second jejunal segment. No significant adaptation to iron deficiency was found in the rest of the small intestine. Iron transfer rates showed the same longitudinal pattern when iron was chelated with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) or with ascorbate. The absorbed iron quantities, however, were approximately 5 times lower when Fe-ascorbate was used, which might be due to differences in bioavailability. Omission of Fe-NTA and Fe-ascorbate had no impact on the vitality of the segments. Glucose transfer was used as vitality criterion. It was not significantly different between corresponding iron-deficient and control segments. To control these results in vivo mesenteric blood was collected from duodenal and jejunal segments in situ. Corresponding to in vitro findings iron transfer was close to linear over the experimental period. In iron deficient duodenal segments iron transfer increased approximately 3 times as compared to controls while no adaptational changes were found in the distal jejunum. No significant longitudinal gradient was found in the mucosal content of ferritin and nonheme iron. Both parameters were decreased in iron deficiency by about half. The mucosal transferrin content showed no longitudinal gradient in control animals. In iron deficiency transferrin was significantly increased in the duodenum and in the three most proximal jejunal segments. The results indicate that in rats adaptation of iron absorption to the demand can only be expected in the duodenum and in the proximal 20 cm of the jejunum. Because this process shows a steep gradient in the proximal small intestine, studies on the adaptation of intestinal iron transfer to the demand should use short and well-defined segments in order to provide reproducible results.

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Absorption of 233U, 237Np, 238Pu, 241Am and 244Cm From the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Rats Fed an Iron-Deficient Diet

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Radioactive Contamination of Aquatic Ecosystems: Source, Transfer and Countermeasures

Radioactive Contamination of Aquatic Ecosystems: Source, Transfer and Countermeasures

Minimal uranium accumulation in lymphoid tissues following an oral 60-day uranyl acetate exposure in male and female C57BL/6J mice

Rat Intestinal Iron Transfer Capacity and the Longitudinal Distribution of Its Adaptation to Iron Deficiency

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