Absorption of ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate absorption of ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate glue when used as a tissue adhesive. Ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate was applied subcutaneously to four rats; its presence in blood and urine was investigated by using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. Blood samples were drawn at baseline and after 2, 4, 6, 24, 48, 54, 78, 96 hours following application. Urine samples were obtained at baseline and after 4, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours. Administration of ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate resulted in its absorption of unchanged ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate and unknown metabolites, in plasma and urine.

Oral Applications of Cyanoacrylate Adhesives: A Literature Review

“…The pain-free application procedure for these adhesives allows their use in cases where the anesthetic effect has diminished [5, 10, 36, 37] and for anxious or fearful patients [42] such as children. Moreover, cyanoacrylates do not exhibit genotoxic activity or systemic toxicity, and they do not cause mucosal irritation or cutaneous sensitivity [4, 8, 10, 43]. Researchers have also reported minimal inflammatory response in regions of use, with zero potential for necrosis [2, 17, 44, 45].…”

“…Several studies have evaluated the toxicity of cyanoacrylate adhesives in rats. One author applied ethyl cyanoacrylate adhesive to the skin of rats and saw no signs of toxicity [43], while other authors applied butyl cyanoacrylate over cuts in the oral mucosa of rats and did not observe any kidney or liver toxicity [6]. However, some authors [35, 37, 50] have also reported that the toxicity is related to the heat released during the polymerization reaction and the presence of unreacted monomers; moreover, there is a direct relationship between the degree of toxicity and the length of the alkyl chain.…”

“…Cyanoacrylate adhesives also provide immediate hemostasis on application [2, 37, 43]; this is attributed to their ability to form a mechanical barrier at the wound site, which favors the coagulation process and allows hemorrhage control [39] (Figure 2).…”

Adhesivos de cianoacrilato en cirugía oral y maxilofacial

“…Se ha descrito un limitado grado de absorción dérmica luego de su aplicación tópica (22) . En modelos animales, los ACA no han demostrado tener efecto tóxicos sistémicos cuando son aplicados de forma tópica o subcutánea (23) , sin evidencia de producir alteraciones a nivel renal o hepático (24) . Específicamente, Inal et al, el 2006 evaluaron en un modelo animal el efecto sistémico del N-Butil-2-CA aplicado en mucosa oral de ratas, sin encontrar diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los niveles de nitrógeno ureico y creatinina entre el control y los 2, 14, 21, y 65 días post operatorio (18) .…”