Absorption of Food Toxicants: An Overview on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Harris, Kelly L.; Banks, Leah D.; Harris, Kenneth J.; Archibong, Anthony E.; Hood, Darryl B.; Ramesh, Aramandla

doi:10.1201/9781315371443-6

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Following oral ingestion, PAHs (including simple methylated compounds) are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract via the lymphatic system and portal vein, then metabolized, and finally excreted (Laher et al 1984;Laher and Barrowman 1987;Lindstrom et al 1987;Laher and Barrowman 1988;Laurent et al 2002;Cavret et al 2003;Ramesh et al 2004;Harris et al 2013;Harris et al 2016). PAHs with two or three aromatic rings can be absorbed more rapidly and extensively than those with five or six rings (Rahman et al 1986;Laurent et al 2002;Cavret et al 2003).…”

Section: Gastrointestinal and Dermal Absorption Of Moah And Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PAHs with two or three aromatic rings can be absorbed more rapidly and extensively than those with five or six rings (Rahman et al 1986;Laurent et al 2002;Cavret et al 2003). The transfer into circulation occurs concurrently with dietary lipids (Stavric and Klassen 1994;Harris et al 2016). Co-administration of long-chain dietary lipids and bile salts significantly facilitates the absorption of the larger, more lipophilic PAHs (Laher et al 1983;Rahman et al 1986;Barrowman et al 1989).…”

Section: Gastrointestinal and Dermal Absorption Of Moah And Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineral oil in food, cosmetic products, and in products regulated by other legislations

Pirow

Blume

Hellwig

et al. 2019

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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For a few years, mineral oils and their potential adverse health effects have been a constant issue of concern in many regulatory areas such as food, cosmetics, other consumer products, and industrial chemicals. Analytically, two fractions can be distinguished: mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH). This paper aims at assessing the bioaccumulative potential and associated histopathological effects of MOSH as well as the carcinogenic potential of MOAH for consumer-relevant mineral oils. It also covers the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of MOSH and MOAH upon oral and dermal exposures. The use and occurrence of consumerrelevant, highly refined mineral oils in food, cosmetics and medicinal products are summarized, and estimates for the exposure of consumers are provided. Also addressed are the challenges in characterizing the substance identity of mineral oil products under REACH. Evidence from more recent autopsy and biopsy studies, along with information on decreasing food contamination levels, indicates a low risk for adverse hepatic lesions that may arise from the retention of MOSH in the liver. With respect to MOAH, at present there is no indication of any carcinogenic effects in animals dermally or orally exposed to highly refined mineral oils and waxes. Such products are used not only in cosmetics but also in medicinal products and as additives in food contact materials. The safety of these mineral oilcontaining products is thus indirectly documented by their prevalent and long-term use, with a simultaneous lack of clinical and epidemiological evidence for adverse health effects.

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