Absorption Performances of PLA-Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Thin Films in Salisbury and Rozanov Configurations: Influence of Aging and Mechanical Recycling

Abstract

The present paper aims to address the crucial concern of pollution induced by growing plastic waste and electromagnetic interference (EMI). Nanocomposites combining poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) are synthesized and compression molded into thin films. A first set of samples, referred as virgin, was kept as is, while a second set of samples were photochemically, thermally and hydrolytically aged before mechanical recycling via extruding and second compression molding, resulting in the so-called recycled composite. The electromagnetic (EM) properties with a focus on microwave absorption performances of virgin and recycled samples are compared for various thicknesses and weight concentrations of OMMT in PLA matrix. The EM performances are gauges by Rozanov and Salisbury structures that consist in one- and two-layer stacks of composite films back-coated by a metal foil. Characterization in Rozanov configuration shows an average absorption index over the Ka band of 29.3% and 21.1% for, respectively, virgin and recycled PLA reinforced with 4 wt.% OMMT. An optimization of the film thickness is proposed; up to 61.85% and 80% of absorption with a thickness of 1.4 mm and 3.75 mm, respectively, is reached with a metal back-coated rPLA-4%OMMT film. Characterization in Salisbury configuration gives advantage to the recycled structure with an average absorption of 49.6% for a total thickness of 1.4 mm. The requirements of EMI shielding are met by PLA-OMMT composites with a certain benefit of recycling process on EM performance.

A review of plastic waste nanocomposites: assessment of features and applications

“…In addition, the effects of recycling cycles on the quality and properties of PNCs should be explored. Sidi Salah et al [ 65 ] studied the effect of aging and mechanical recycling on virgin PLA/nanoclay composite films’ electromagnetic performance, which was not significantly affected by recycling practice carried out using extrusion and compression molding. Zhang et al [ 64 ] studied the effect of recycling on the mechanical, chemical, and rheological properties of a virgin PC/CNT nanocomposite using repeated injection molding and granulating for up to twenty cycles.…”