Absorption Spectroscopy in High-Finesse Cavities for Atmospheric Studies

Brown, Steven S.

doi:10.1021/cr020645c

Cited by 217 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…As a result, it is extremely sensitive due to its long effective path-length and the resulting measurements are independent of pulse-to-pulse variations in the laser intensity. CRDS was initially focused on the study of gaseous samples (Brown 2003;Berden and Engeln 2009) due to its high sensitivity and ability to measure absolute extinction. It is increasingly applied to the study of aerosols (Smith and Atkinson 2001;Thompson et al 2002Thompson et al , 2008Strawa et al 2003;Pettersson et al 2004;Moosmüller et al 2005;Strawa et al 2006;Butler et al 2007;Miller and Orr-Ewing 2007;Riziq et al 2007Riziq et al , 2008Rudic et al 2007;Dinar et al 2008).…”

Section: Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy and Integrating Nephelometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Error Analysis and Uncertainty in the Determination of Aerosol Optical Properties Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy, Integrating Nephelometry, and the Extinction-Minus-Scattering Method

Singh

Fiddler

Smith

et al. 2014

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Despite the substantial improvements in the measurements of aerosol physical and chemical properties and in the direct and indirect radiative effects of aerosols, there is still a need for studying the properties of aerosols under controlled laboratory conditions to develop a mechanistic and quantitative understanding of aerosol formation, chemistry, and dynamics. In this work, we present the factors that affect measurement accuracy and the resulting uncertainties of the extinction-minus-scattering method using a combination of cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) and integrating nephelometry at a wider range of optical wavelengths than previously attempted. Purely scattering polystyrene latex (PSL) spheres with diameters from 107-303 nm and absorbing polystyrene spheres (APSL) with 390 nm diameter were used to determine the consistency and agreement, within experimental uncertainties, of CRDS and nephelometer values with theoretical calculations derived from Mie theory for non-absorbing spheres. Overall uncertainties for extinction cross-section were largely 10%-11% and dominated by condensation particle counter (CPC) measurement error. Two methods for determining σ ext error are described, and they were found to produce equivalent results. Systematic uncertainties due to particle losses, RD cell geometry (R L ), CPC counting efficiency, ring-down regression fitting, blank drift, optical tweezing, and recapturing of forward scattered light are also investigated. The random error observed in this work for absorbing spheres is comparable to previous reported measurements. For both absorbing and non-absorbing spheres, a statistical framework is developed for including the contributions to random error due to CPC measurement uncertainty, R L , statistical fluctuations in

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Section: Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy and Integrating Nephelometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Error Analysis and Uncertainty in the Determination of Aerosol Optical Properties Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy, Integrating Nephelometry, and the Extinction-Minus-Scattering Method

Singh

Fiddler

Smith

et al. 2014

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…The pulsed CRD technique for aerosol extinction measurements has recently been validated by comparison of measured optical cross-section to calculated optical cross-section for size selected particles of known refractive index (Bulatov et al 2002;Pettersson et al 2004). The fundamental differences between pulsed and continuous-wave (CW) cavity ring-down techniques are captured in a review by Brown (2003).…”

Section: Measurement Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Application of a Pulsed Cavity Ring-Down Aerosol Extinction Spectrometer for Field Measurements

Baynard

Lovejoy

Pettersson

et al. 2007

Aerosol Science and Technology

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109

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This paper describes the design and application of a pulsed cavity ring-down aerosol extinction spectrometer (CRD-AES) for insitu atmospheric measurement of the aerosol extinction coefficient and its relative humidity dependence. This CRD-AES measures the aerosol extinction coefficient (σ ep ) at 355 nm, 532 nm, 683 nm, and 1064 nm with a minimal size dependent bias for particles with diameter less than 10 μm. The σ ep at 532 nm is measured with an accuracy of 1% when extinction is ≥10 Mm −1 . The precision is limited by statistical fluctuations within the small optical volume and the time resolution of extinction at 2% uncertainty for various air mass types is evaluated. The CRD-AES is configured with two separate cavity ring-down cells for measurement of the extinction coefficient at 532 nm. This allows the determination of the RH dependence of extinction at 532 nm through independent RH control of the sample for each measurement. Gas phase absorption and minimization of potential interferences is also considered.

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“…NO 3 has been detected by optical absorption spectroscopy for several decades using (1) differential optical absorption technique (DOAS) (Platt et al, 1980) and (2) matrixisolation ESR spectroscopy (MI-ESR) (Mihelcic et al, 1993;Geyer et al, 1999). During the last decade, new techniques for atmospheric NO 3 detection have been applied: cavitybased absorption spectroscopy (see reviews Brown, 2003;Ball and Jones, 2003) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) (Wood et al, 2003;Matsumoto et al, 2005). Stratospheric NO 3 has also been detected by remote measurements techniques (e.g., from the ground Allan et al, 2002, or from satellite Kyröllä et al, 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> mixing ratios during NO3Comp 2007 in SAPHIR

et al. 2012

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Abstract. N 2 O 5 detection in the atmosphere has been accomplished using techniques which have been developed during the last decade. Most techniques use a heated inlet to thermally decompose N 2 O 5 to NO 3 , which can be detected by either cavity based absorption at 662 nm or by laserinduced fluorescence. In summer 2007, a large set of instruments, which were capable of measuring NO 3 mixing ratios, were simultaneously deployed in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR in Jülich, Germany. Some of these instruments measured N 2 O 5 mixing ratios either simultaneously or alternatively. Experiments focused on the investigation of potential interferences from, e.g., water vapour or aerosol and on the investigation of the oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds by NO 3 . The comparison of N 2 O 5 mixing ratios shows an excellent agreement between measurements of instruments applying different techniques (3 cavity ring-down (CRDS) instruments, 2 laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) instruments). Datasets are highly correlated as indicated by the square of the linear correlation coefficients, R 2 , which values were larger than 0.96 for the entire datasets. N 2 O 5 mixing ratios well agree within the combined accuracy of measurements. Slopes of the linear regression range between 0.87 and 1.26 and intercepts are negligible. The most critical aspect of N 2 O 5 measurements by cavity ring-down instruments is the determination of the inlet and filter transmission efficiency. Measurements here show that the N 2 O 5 inlet transmission efficiency can decrease in the presence of high aerosol loads, and that frequent filter/inlet changing is necessary to quantitatively sample N 2 O 5 in some environments. The analysis of data also demonstrates that a general correction for degrading filter transmission is not applicable for all conditions encountered during this campaign. Besides the effect of a gradual degradation of the inlet transmission efficiency aerosol exposure, no other interference for N 2 O 5 measurements is found.

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Absorption Spectroscopy in High-Finesse Cavities for Atmospheric Studies

Cited by 217 publications

References 122 publications

Error Analysis and Uncertainty in the Determination of Aerosol Optical Properties Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy, Integrating Nephelometry, and the Extinction-Minus-Scattering Method

Error Analysis and Uncertainty in the Determination of Aerosol Optical Properties Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy, Integrating Nephelometry, and the Extinction-Minus-Scattering Method

Design and Application of a Pulsed Cavity Ring-Down Aerosol Extinction Spectrometer for Field Measurements

Comparison of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> mixing ratios during NO3Comp 2007 in SAPHIR

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Absorption Spectroscopy in High-Finesse Cavities for Atmospheric Studies

Cited by 217 publications

References 122 publications

Error Analysis and Uncertainty in the Determination of Aerosol Optical Properties Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy, Integrating Nephelometry, and the Extinction-Minus-Scattering Method

Error Analysis and Uncertainty in the Determination of Aerosol Optical Properties Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy, Integrating Nephelometry, and the Extinction-Minus-Scattering Method

Design and Application of a Pulsed Cavity Ring-Down Aerosol Extinction Spectrometer for Field Measurements

Comparison of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; mixing ratios during NO3Comp 2007 in SAPHIR

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Comparison of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> mixing ratios during NO3Comp 2007 in SAPHIR