Abstinence Time and Its Impact on Basic and Advanced Semen Parameters

Agarwal, Ashok; Gupta, Sajal; Plessis, Stefan S. du; Sharma, Rakesh; Esteves, Sandro C.; Cirenza, Caroline de Freitas; Eliwa, Jasmine; Alnajjar, Wedad; Kumaresan, Deepika; Haroun, Namariq; Philby, Sara; Sabanegh, Edmund

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2016.03.059

Cited by 121 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…WHO guidelines recommend a 2–7 days of abstinence prior to providing a semen sample for laboratory analysis (World Health O, ). We found that longer abstinence period resulted in increased semen volume ( β = 0.54, p = 0.004 and β = 1.07, p < 0.0001 for 3–5 days VS > 5 days), TSC ( β = 0.3, p = 0.025 and β = 0.62, p < 0.0001 for 3–5 days VS > 5 days) and sperm concentration ( β = 0.28, p < 0.033 for > 5 days) and was similar to an earlier research where the authors suggested that semen volume, sperm concentration and total sperm count increased significantly with abstinence length (Agarwal et al, ). Similarly, the fertilisation and pregnancy rate did not decrease with a longer abstinence period beyond WHO recommendation (Lee et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The impact of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, work exposure and medical history on semen parameters in young Chinese men: A cross‐sectional study

et al. 2019

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There is an ongoing debate on the declining semen quality, and unfortunately, existing evidence is inconclusive and inconsistence. We evaluated the impact of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, medical history and work exposure on semen quality. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to investigate the association between different risk factors and semen quality parameters. Total sperm count (p = 0.041), sperm concentration (p = 0.007), normal morphology (p = 0.002), total motility (p = 0.004) and progressive motility (p = 0.009) decreased in men with varicocele. Sperm concentration increased in tea (p = 0.044); progressive and total motility increased in cola (p = 0.018, p = 0.012) consumers. Progressive and total motility decreased in urogenital surgery (p = 0.016, p = 0.014) and infection (p = 0.037, p = 0.022). However, age, coffee and alcohol drinking, physical activities, sleep duration and cell phone use were unrelated to any of semen parameters. Interestingly, semen volume (p < 0.0001), total sperm count (p < 0.0001) and concentration (p < 0.033) increased with longer abstinence period (>5 days); normal morphology (p = 0.013) improved in men with higher body mass index (BMI > 24), curvilinear velocity (p = 0.042) increased with smoking; semen volume (p = 0.050) increased in manual labourers. This study highlights the importance of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, occupational exposure and medical history and provides time trends in semen quality, its clinical importance and direction for further research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The impact of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, work exposure and medical history on semen parameters in young Chinese men: A cross‐sectional study

et al. 2019

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“…Our results concerning semen quality corroborate those from previous studies. The length of EA positively influenced sample volume (Padova et al ., ; Pellestor et al ., ; Carlsen et al ., ; De Jonge et al ., ; Marshburn et al ., ; Agarwal et al ., ), sperm count (Oldereid et al ., ; Pellestor et al ., ; Carlsen et al ., ; De Jonge et al ., ; Jurema et al ., ; Marshburn et al ., ; Agarwal et al ., ) and TMSC (Jurema et al ., ; Marshburn et al ., ). The numbers of progressive motile spermatozoa (Carlsen et al ., ; Jurema et al ., ) and the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa were not affected by EA periods (Carlsen et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sperm nuclear maturity and DNA status have also been shown to be associated with EA length. A short EA length positively influenced chromatin quality (De Jonge et al ., ) and sperm DNA integrity (Gosalvez et al ., ; Sanchez‐Martin et al ., ; Agarwal et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Revisiting the impact of ejaculatory abstinence on semen quality and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes

et al. 2018

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Background: Regulatory bodies recommend inconsistent ejaculatory abstinence lengths before semen analysis. The literature exploring the effect of ejaculatory abstinence length on the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection is scarce. Objective: To study the influence of ejaculatory abstinence length on semen quality and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes. Materials and methods: This prospective cohort study included 818 patients undergoing conventional semen analysis from October 2015 to October 2016, in a private university-affiliated IVF centre. Generalized linear models adjusted for potential confounders were used to investigate the associations between ejaculatory abstinence length and seminal parameters and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes. Results: Increasing ejaculatory abstinence length was positively correlated with semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, total motile sperm count and sperm DNA fragmentation index. Significant inverse correlations were observed between ejaculatory abstinence length and fertilization rate, blastocyst formation rate, implantation rate and pregnancy rate. A discriminant analysis showed a mean ejaculatory abstinence length in the positive pregnancy group of 3.14 AE 1.64 days and 4.83 AE 3.66 days in the negative pregnancy group. A cut-off point was established halfway between ejaculatory abstinence length averages, at 4 days. The ejaculatory abstinence ≤4 days group showed significant lower semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count and total motile sperm count compared to ejaculatory abstinence > 4 days group. The ejaculatory abstinence ≤ 4 days group showed significant lower sperm DNA fragmentation index, and higher rates of fertilization, high-quality embryos on day 3, blastocyst development, implantation and pregnancy compared to ejaculatory abstinence > 4 days group. The implantation rate was significantly higher and the pregnancy rate tended to be higher with one day of ejaculatory abstinence, compared to 2-4 days of ejaculatory abstinence. Conclusions: Ejaculatory abstinence periods of >4 days have a detrimental effect on sperm DNA and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes. One day of ejaculatory abstinence significantly improves implantation rate and tends to increase pregnancy rate, compared to 2, 3 and 4 days of ejaculatory abstinence.

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“…Furthermore, thresholds (or cutoffs) for many of these tests have not been clearly described. Finally, SDF results can be greatly affected by laboratory or clinical conditions such as the degree of sperm nuclear decondensation or the ejaculation abstinence period (46,47). …”

Section: Evidence Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical utility of sperm DNA fragmentation testing: practice recommendations based on clinical scenarios

Agarwal¹,

Majzoub²,

Esteves³

et al. 2016

Transl. Androl. Urol.

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336

415

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Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) has been generally acknowledged as a valuable tool for male fertility evaluation. While its detrimental implications on sperm function were extensively investigated, little is known about the actual indications for performing SDF analysis. This review delivers practice based recommendations on commonly encountered scenarios in the clinic. An illustrative description of the different SDF measurement techniques is presented. SDF testing is recommended in patients with clinical varicocele and borderline to normal semen parameters as it can better select varicocelectomy candidates. High SDF is also linked with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and can influence outcomes of different assisted reproductive techniques. Several studies have shown some benefit in using testicular sperm rather than ejaculated sperm in men with high SDF, oligozoospermia or recurrent in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure. Infertile men with evidence of exposure to pollutants can benefit from sperm DNA testing as it can help reinforce the importance of lifestyle modification (e.g., cessation of cigarette smoking, antioxidant therapy), predict fertility and monitor the patient’s response to intervention.

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Abstinence Time and Its Impact on Basic and Advanced Semen Parameters

Cited by 121 publications

References 28 publications

The impact of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, work exposure and medical history on semen parameters in young Chinese men: A cross‐sectional study

The impact of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, work exposure and medical history on semen parameters in young Chinese men: A cross‐sectional study

Revisiting the impact of ejaculatory abstinence on semen quality and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes

Clinical utility of sperm DNA fragmentation testing: practice recommendations based on clinical scenarios

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