Abstract:Immune checkpoint blockade targeting PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 have demonstrated remarkable clinical responses in patients with advanced cancers; however, a durable benefit is obtained in only a subset of patients. To overcome this therapeutic limitation, a number of immunotherapies and their combinations have been investigated. Among these, in situ vaccination using tumor-selective oncolytic viruses has proved an attractive approach. Viruses not only directly kill cancer cells through their replication, but also… Show more
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