“…A related perspective views external and internal attributes as relatively more crucial for concrete and abstract concepts, respectively, based on the fact that study participants tend to describe concrete concepts (e.g., BIRD) by using concrete action and perception related words (“beach”, “fly”, “food”), whereas for describing abstract concepts (e.g., TRUE), more abstract 'introspective' terms are applied (“belief”, “think”, “idea”, Barsalou and Wiemer-Hastings, 2005 ; Borghi et al, 2022a ; Borghi et al, 2022b ). For this proposal too, a range of abstract concepts do not fully fit the pattern, for example abstract attributes applicable to concrete objects or actions, including BEAUTIFUL, RISKY and PROVOCATIVE.…”