Abundance of Ixodes ricinus Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and the Diversity of Borrelia Species in Northeastern Poland

Kubiak, Katarzyna; Szymańska, Hanna; Dmitryjuk, Małgorzata; Dzika, Ewa

doi:10.3390/ijerph19127378

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The DNA of Borreliaceae spirochetes was detected in 19.0% of I. ricinus and ranged at all collection sites between 8.3% and 32.6% (Table 3). The infection rate obtained in this study fits into the range between 3.7% and 38.1% established for the European tick populations examined in the last ten years including Poland [16,40,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

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Genetic Diversity of Borreliaceae Species Detected in Natural Populations of Ixodes ricinus Ticks in Northern Poland

Wodecka

Kolomiiets

2023

Life

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In Europe, Ixodes ricinus tick is the vector of Lyme disease spirochetes and their relatives (Borreliella genus) and Borrelia miyamotoi. However, a newly described tick I. inopinatus with similar biological features and separated from I. ricinus may act as a vector for different Borrelia species. To date, eleven Borreliella species were detected in the natural populations of I. ricinus. Recently, two North American species have been detected in ticks parasitizing bats and red foxes in Europe, i.e., B. lanei and B. californiensis pointing to the necessity for searching for them in natural tick populations. In this study, using the coxI molecular marker only I. ricinus was identified in field-collected ticks with the exception of individual specimens of Haemaphysalis concinna. Using the flaB gene and mag-trnI intergenic spacer as molecular markers 14 Borreliaceae species have been detected with various frequencies in different parts of northern Poland. Among infected ticks, the most frequent were Borreliella (Bl.) afzelii (29.4%) and Bl. garinii (20.0%), followed by Bl. spielmanii, Bl. valaisiana, Bl. lanei, Bl. californiensis, B. miyamotoi, Bl. burgdorferi, Bl. carolinensis, Bl. americana, B. turcica, Bl. lusitaniae, Bl. bissettiae and Bl. finlandensis. Three of the above-mentioned species, i.e., Bl. lanei, Bl. californiensis and B. turcica were detected in this study for the first time in the natural ixodid tick population in Europe. The existence of the newly detected spirochetes increases their total diversity in Europe and points to the necessity of careful identification and establishment of the actual distribution of all Borreliaceae species transmitted by I. ricinus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…afzelii and Bl. garinii (29.4% and 20% of infected ticks, respectively) and are the acclaimed predominant European Borreliella species including in Poland [16,40,47,[49][50][51]. The next was Bl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Borreliaceae Species Detected in Natural Populations of Ixodes ricinus Ticks in Northern Poland

Wodecka

Kolomiiets

2023

Life

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“…The mean density of hard ticks in the study area was 18.9 per 100 m 2 . A significantly lower value was recorded for Ixodes ricinus in Northeastern Poland, namely, 9.7 ticks per 100 m 2 [77]. Despite the different types of forest vegetation, the highest abundances and mean densities of ticks collected per 100 m 2 were recorded at high altitudes (800-1000 m asl.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Altitudinal Distribution, Seasonal Dynamics and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Infections in Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Different Forest Communities in Inland Croatia

et al. 2023

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Altitudinal distributions, population structures and seasonal dynamics of tick fauna at three localities in Continental Croatia (Medvednica and Papuk) and an alpine biogeographic region (Gorski Kotar) were studied. Sampling of questing ticks was performed twice a year (spring and autumn, from 2019 to 2021) at different altitudes (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 m above sea level) using the flagging method. In total, 2942 ticks (53.9% larvae, 40.1% nymphs, 6.0% adults) were sampled and 2937 (99.83%) were determined as Ixodes ricinus, 4 (0.14%) as Haemaphysalis concinna and 1 (0.03%) as Ixodes frontalis. Ixodes ricinus was the only species found at all altitudes and sampling sites. The highest tick abundance was recorded at higher altitudes (800–1000 m asl.) on Medvednica and in Gorski Kotar within mixed forests of European beech and European silver fir, while on Papuk most of the ticks were sampled at lower altitudes (200 m asl.) in Sessile oak forest. From 27 pools containing 305 ticks, 1 (3.7%) was positive for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection. Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. was detected in 20% (1/5) of the pools containing nymphs and adults collected in Gorski Kotar (600 and 800 m asl.). Sequencing of the ospA gene and phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto genotype.

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“…There is still much to learn about the intricacies of B. miyamotoi tick colonization and transmission. France I. ricinus [77,82,83] Germany I. ricinus [72,84] Ireland I. ricinus [85] Italy I. ricinus [72] Japan I. persulcatus [4], I. ovatus [86] Moldova I. ricinus [87] Mongolia I. persulcatus [86,88] Netherlands I. ricinus [72,77,89,90] Norway I. ricinus [91] Poland I. ricinus [92,93] Portugal I. ricinus [94] Russia I. persulcatus [95] Serbia I. ricinus [96] Slovakia I. ricinus [97,98] South Korea I. nipponensis [99] Spain I. ricinus [100] Sweden I. ricinus [63,72] Switzerland I. ricinus [101] Turkey I. ricinus [102] Ukraine I. ricinus [103] United Kingdom I. ricinus [72] United States I. scapularis [104] a adapted from Hoornstra et al 2022 [27] under creative commons license CC BY 4.0.…”

Section: Ticksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relapsing Review: A Research Update on <em>Borrelia miyamotoi</em>

Cleveland¹,

Anderson²,

Brissette³

2022

Preprint

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Borrelia miyamotoi is an emerging tick-borne pathogen in the Northern hemisphere and is the causative agent of Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD). B. miyamotoi is vectored by the same hard-bodied ticks as Lyme disease Borrelia, yet phylogenetically groups with relapsing fever Borrelia, and thus has been uniquely labeled a hard tick-borne relapsing fever Borrelia. Burgeoning research has uncovered new aspects of B. miyamotoi in human patients, nature, and the lab. Of particular interest are novel findings on disease pathology, prevalence, diagnostic methods, ecological maintenance, transmission, and genetic characteristics. Herein we review recent literature on B. miyamotoi, discuss how findings adapt to current Borrelia doctrines, and briefly consider what remains unknown about B. miyamotoi.

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Abundance of Ixodes ricinus Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and the Diversity of Borrelia Species in Northeastern Poland

Cited by 7 publications

References 81 publications

Genetic Diversity of Borreliaceae Species Detected in Natural Populations of Ixodes ricinus Ticks in Northern Poland

Genetic Diversity of Borreliaceae Species Detected in Natural Populations of Ixodes ricinus Ticks in Northern Poland

Altitudinal Distribution, Seasonal Dynamics and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Infections in Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Different Forest Communities in Inland Croatia

Relapsing Review: A Research Update on <em>Borrelia miyamotoi</em>

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