Abundant ketone isolated from oily Plakortis sponge demonstrates antifouling properties

Bowling, John J.; Mohammed, Rabab; Diers, Jeffrey A.; Hamann, Mark T.

doi:10.1007/s00049-010-0049-z

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Diverse bacteria can produce and degrade ketone molecules either anaerobically 81 or aerobically 82 . In addition to their role in central metabolism, ketones have been of interest for years as bioactive compounds from soft corals and sponges 83,84 . Montastraea cavernosa does contain both aqueous and organic compounds that deter feeding by fish 85 , which could be produced by the microbiome, although these compounds have not been specifically characterized.…”

Section: Functional Overview Of the Sponge And Coral Microbiome Profmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait-Based Comparison of Coral and Sponge Microbiomes

Fiore

Jarett

Steinert

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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corals and sponges harbor diverse microbial communities that are integral to the functioning of the host. While the taxonomic diversity of their microbiomes has been well-established for corals and sponges, their functional roles are less well-understood. It is unclear if the similarities of symbiosis in an invertebrate host would result in functionally similar microbiomes, or if differences in host phylogeny and environmentally driven microhabitats within each host would shape functionally distinct communities. Here we addressed this question, using metatranscriptomic and 16S rRNA gene profiling techniques to compare the microbiomes of two host organisms from different phyla. Our results indicate functional similarity in carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur assimilation, and aerobic nitrogen cycling. Additionally, there were few statistical differences in pathway coverage or abundance between the two hosts. For example, we observed higher coverage of phosphonate and siderophore metabolic pathways in the star coral, Montastraea cavernosa, while there was higher coverage of chloroalkane metabolism in the giant barrel sponge, Xestospongia muta. Higher abundance of genes associated with carbon fixation pathways was also observed in M. cavernosa, while in X. muta there was higher abundance of fatty acid metabolic pathways. Metagenomic predictions based on 16S rRNA gene profiling analysis were similar, and there was high correlation between the metatranscriptome and metagenome predictions for both hosts. our results highlight several metabolic pathways that exhibit functional similarity in these coral and sponge microbiomes despite the taxonomic differences between the two microbiomes, as well as potential specialization of some microbially based metabolism within each host. Microbial symbionts have played a critical role in shaping the evolution of multicellular life by facilitating and promoting host defense 1 , nutrient acquisition 2 , and species diversification 3. For example, in coral reef ecosystems, intracellular dinoflagellates in the Family Symbiodiniaceae occur as the primary mutualistic symbionts within the coral host and are essential to the survival and growth of the coral host, while receiving a suitable habitat and essential nutrients in return 4,5. Prokaryotic symbionts also contribute to the success of coral reef organisms, including corals and sponges 6-9 , by providing bioactive compounds for chemical defenses 10,11 , recycling host waste 12,13 , and in some cases providing a reliable source of vitamins and nutrients 14-17. Numerous studies have characterized the taxonomic composition of microbes in corals and sponges 18,19 ; however, our understanding of the multiple functional roles of these symbionts is still incomplete. Corals and sponges harbor remarkably diverse prokaryotic symbionts with thousands of unique taxa in many coral and sponge species 20,21. Many of these taxa persist across different host species (i.e., the core microbiome) over broad spatial scales 9,22-24 , and in some cases these host-...

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Section: Functional Overview Of the Sponge And Coral Microbiome Profmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait-Based Comparison of Coral and Sponge Microbiomes

Fiore

Jarett

Steinert

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Many cytotoxic and antifouling compounds have been isolated from Plakortis species (e.g. Kossuga et al 2008, Bowling et al 2010. Therefore, L. plakorticola is supposed to be tolerant to the chemical defense(s) of the host and the absence of competitors for the habitat probably enables the stable survival of the entoprocts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction and population dynamics of the solitary entoproct Loxosomella plakorticola inhabiting a demosponge, Plakortis sp.

Sugiyama¹,

Iseto²,

Hirose³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Solitary entoprocts are sessile aquatic invertebrates inhabiting various non-living or living substrata. They proliferate through both sexual and asexual reproduction. However, fecundity and population dynamics of entoprocts are poorly understood, probably because the small size of the individuals (0.2 to 5 mm length) makes field studies difficult. To clarify the seasonal fluctuation of fecundity via sexual and asexual reproduction, we sampled the solitary entoproct Loxosomella plakorticola Iseto & Sugiyama, 2008 (Entoprocta: Loxosomatidae) monthly over 2 yr. L. plakorticola often forms dense aggregates on a coral-reef demosponge, Plakortis sp. Budding occurred all year round and was most active from spring to early summer. There was a significant negative relationship between bud production and water temperature 2 mo previously. In contrast, sexual reproduction rarely occurred during our monitoring. Monthly monitoring of 4 sponges for 13 to 23 mo revealed that the density and distribution pattern of L. plakorticola on the sponges fluctuated highly regardless of season. Large populations sometimes disappeared from the host sponge within short periods, while, in other cases, a small, sparse population grew to a large, dense population within a few months. DNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that individuals on the same sponge did not belong to a single clone. Thus, the entoprocts probably disperse from one sponge to others. Populations on sponges were mainly formed and maintained by budding; sexual reproduction may contribute to longdistance dispersal and maintenance of genetic heterogeneity. KEY WORDS: Budding · Reproductive strategy · Genetic heterogeneity · Coral reef · KamptozoaResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…The derivatives of capsaicin, a natural component of chili pepper, and other structurally similar products were shown to inhibit zebra mussel attachment (Angarano et al, 2007;Angarano et al, 2009). Marine sponges are typically unfouled by macroorganisms, and the potential antifouling capacity of natural products isolated from sponges was found to be effective against zebra mussel (Diers et al, 2004(Diers et al, , 2006Bowling et al, 2010). On the hand, chitin, an extract from the exosqueletton of crustaceans, was not useful to significantly reduce biofouling by zebra mussels (de Lafontaine et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifouling Effectiveness and Potential Toxicological Risk of an Elastomer-Based Coating against Zebra Mussels

Lafontaine¹,

Veillette²

2016

ENRR

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The fouling of hard substrates by zebra mussels (Dreissena sp.) in freshwater ecosystems is a persistent problem which calls for antifouling treatments being fully efficient, long-lasting, and environmentally safe. The present study assessed the potential toxicological impact and the effectiveness of an elastomer-based coating containing salts that would make surfaces repulsive to zebra mussel attachment. Laboratory testing using standard analytical methods for water and wastewater, and a battery of six bioassays confirmed that the leachates from the coating exhibited no toxic response suggesting its safety to the receiving environment. In situ experiments using multi-plate collectors indicated that biofouling by zebra mussels and sponges on coated surfaces was effectively reduced by up to 97% over one growing season. Effectiveness of the coating was slightly less (82%) during the second growing season. Results suggested that the repulsive effect would be due to the presence of salts within the elastomer-based coating affecting both zebra mussels and other freshwater organisms. Saltwater experiments indicated that the coating was totally ineffective to prevent biofouling in marine environments. In addition of being environmentally safe to use, results suggested that the coating can be an effective antifouling product for submerged structures in freshwater environments.

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Abundant ketone isolated from oily Plakortis sponge demonstrates antifouling properties

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Trait-Based Comparison of Coral and Sponge Microbiomes

Trait-Based Comparison of Coral and Sponge Microbiomes

Reproduction and population dynamics of the solitary entoproct Loxosomella plakorticola inhabiting a demosponge, Plakortis sp.

Antifouling Effectiveness and Potential Toxicological Risk of an Elastomer-Based Coating against Zebra Mussels

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