Abuse of methylphenidate in Germany: Data from spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions

Gahr, Maximilian; Freudenmann, Roland W.; Hiemke, Christoph; Kölle, Markus; Schönfeldt‐Lecuona, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.11.008

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This behaviour has, in particular, already been characterized in the PACA-Corse region (the same geographical region as investigated in our study), with an estimated increase of 6% in the overall quantities of MPH obtained by diversion through doctor shopping in 2011 [1]. The abuse of MPH has also been reported in other countries [57][58][59], with people using it as a cognitive enhancer and/or for recreational purposes [1,42,[58][59][60][61][62][63], particularly in association with the intravenous route of administration [1,59,64]. In a recent study carried out in France in subjects abusing MPH [1], a few patients reported a history of ADHD and some of them reported using other CNS drugs concomitantly with MPH, to manage symptoms during 'comedown', such as anxiety, tiredness, paranoia, feeling sick or depression.…”

Section: Bzd Benzodiazepinessupporting

confidence: 86%

Patterns and profiles of methylphenidate use both in children and adults

Pauly

Frauger

Lepelley

et al. 2018

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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Section: Bzd Benzodiazepinessupporting

confidence: 86%

Patterns and profiles of methylphenidate use both in children and adults

Pauly

Frauger

Lepelley

et al. 2018

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…Nevertheless, as the same behavior has also been observed in other European countries such as Switzerland [33] , Germany [8] and Iceland [32] , health professionals should be aware of this risk and therefore prescribe MPH carefully and be able to detect MPH abuse among their patients. There are only a few studies on MPH treatment for patients receiving opioid maintenance treatment [41] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Patterns of Methylphenidate Use and Assessment of Its Abuse among the General Population and Individuals with Drug Dependence

Frauger¹,

Amaslidou²,

Spadari³

et al. 2015

Eur Addict Res

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the extent of methylphenidate (MPH) abuse and characterize its patterns by following several cases involving intravenous administration of crushed MPH tablets. Methods: First, a drug reimbursement database (covering 4 million inhabitants) was explored to assess the magnitude of MPH abuse among the general population, and second, a specific study based on individuals with drug dependence was performed to describe abusers' characteristics (n = 64), patterns of abuse and clinical implications. Results: From 2005 to 2011, the number of patients who were dispensed MPH at least once increased by 166%. The patients with ‘deviant' patterns of MPH consumption were mainly male adults with opiate maintenance treatment reimbursements. MPH abusers had precarious living conditions. Half of them consumed MPH daily by intravenous route and reported amphetamine-like effects (cardiovascular events, weight loss, psychiatric adverse events). Conclusion: Given the increase of MPH use, it is important to warn the scientific community about possible MPH abuse, especially in individuals with drug dependence. This study has facilitated public health intervention and dissemination of information related to MPH abuse among health care professionals at local and national levels.

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“…The data published in other countries has indeed shown that the phenomenon described in the PACA area (on usage, cases of abuse and user profiles) is also described elsewhere, thus strengthening the emergent character of the phenomenon. The particular work carried out by the centre in Uppsala underlines the contribution of the pharmacovigilance databases in the evaluation of the real-life abuse and addiction potential of a substance, as mentioned in a recent study that used the German pharmacovigilance database, [33] and in the most recent report from WHO experts comitee on Drug dependence. [34] Finally, without questioning the therapeutic usefulness of the specialities being prescribed, their use in the more vulnerable populations, such as patients with a history of substance abuse or addictive risk (in particular patients with attention deficit disorder †Countries with a level of use <0.1 ddd are not included (Bulgaria, Croatia, Latvia, Serbia).…”

Section: A Multi-source Investigation For Purposes Of Prevention and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Example of an Investigation of an “Emergent” Phenomenon in Addiction Vigilance: the Case of Methylphenidate

et al. 2015

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-Abuse of and addiction to medication are a major public health issue which is evolving fast, in particular in countries like France, one of the largest consumers of medication in Europe. As a single source of information is not generally sufficient to measure a phenomenon as difficult to apprehend as medication-related addiction, as can be seen in the case of methylphenidate, it is essential to mobilise all the tools available, here surveillance programmes developed by the French CEIP Addiction vigilance network, such as suspicious prescriptions indicating possible abuse data (OSIAP) or observatory of illegal or misused psychoactive medications (OPPIDUM), as well as the health insurance databases, and health professional sentinel networks. The latest data available on methylphenidate abuse in France suggests a stabilisation of the phenomenon, which emerged in the Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur (PACA) region in southern France. It also evidences its diffusion to other regions, so that the information needs to be widely relayed, and suggests that health professionals should exercise the greatest caution in the use of this substance, and should look for early signs of its misuse.Abbreviations: see end of article.

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Abuse of methylphenidate in Germany: Data from spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions

Cited by 32 publications

References 14 publications

Patterns and profiles of methylphenidate use both in children and adults

Patterns and profiles of methylphenidate use both in children and adults

Patterns of Methylphenidate Use and Assessment of Its Abuse among the General Population and Individuals with Drug Dependence

Example of an Investigation of an “Emergent” Phenomenon in Addiction Vigilance: the Case of Methylphenidate

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