Academic and School Health Issues Among Children Exposed to Maternal Intimate Partner Abuse

Kernic, Mary A.; Holt, Victoria L.; Wolf, Marsha E.; McKnight, Barbara; Huebner, Colleen E.; Rivara, Frederick P.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.156.6.549

Cited by 68 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…As these are the only contagious physical health problems we assessed, this finding may suggest that these preschool-aged children experience social isolation. For example, school-aged children whose mothers are exposed to IPV are more likely to have frequent absences from school, namely for suspensions due to behavioral problems than children whose mothers are not exposed to IPV (Kernic et al 2002). However, more research into the specifics of this mechanism for preschoolaged children is certainly warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Health in Preschool Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence

2012

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Exposure to violence and traumatic events during childhood has long been associated with poor physical and psychological health during adulthood. Very few studies, however, have taken steps to understand the immediate relationship between exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and physical health problems in young children. In this study, we examined the mother-reported physical health problems of 102 preschool-age children who have been exposed to IPV. We found that children exhibiting more traumatic stress symptoms displayed fewer total health problems; however, gastrointestinal problems and asthma were related to poor psychological adjustment. We also found that preschool-age girls were more likely to display health problems than boys. Future studies of the physical health consequences of exposure to IPV in young children would benefit from examinations of specific changes in physiological processes to draw conclusions about the effects of violence on immune system functioning and physical health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Health in Preschool Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence

2012

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“…The literature on depression has carefully controlled for traditional socio-economic risk factors, but has paid less attention to other comorbid conditions that might be related to depression but imply different interventions. Although exposure to maternal intimate partner abuse has been shown to negatively impact children's health and school performance, it has not been independently assessed in the above studies [6]. Likewise, despite the large literature on social support, its protective mental and physical health benefits [7,8], and its direct impact on maternal depression [9], social support has not been assessed in the maternal depression/child safety studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Child Injury Risks are Close to Home: Parent Psychosocial Factors Associated with Child Safety

Rhodes

Iwashyna

2007

Matern Child Health J

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Objective: In several populations, maternal depression has been associated with reduced child safety. In an urban pediatric Emergency Department, we examined the relationship between parental depression, social support, and domestic conflict and child safety behaviors.Methods: We studied consecutive patients in an Emergency Department. Trained interviewers used a structured instrument to assess patient, primary caregiver, and household demographics, socio-economic status, psychosocial factors, child safety behaviors (whether a gun was in the home, poisons were locked, a functioning smoke detector was present, and use of carseats or seatbelts), and whether the home was smokefree. 1,116 patients provided adequate data.Results: Depression was associated with a modest and not statistically significant reduction in child safety behaviors in this population. Lack of social support and the presence of domestic conflict were robustly, independently, and statistically significantly associated with less safe homes. Domestic conflict was associated with more smoking in the home.Conclusion: In our population, child safety was associated less with depression and more with parental lack of social support and domestic conflict. These can be assessed in a Emergency Department and may be amenable to intervention. Abstract Objective: In several populations, maternal depression has been associated with reduced child safety. In an urban pediatric Emergency Department, we examined the relationship between parental depression, social support, and domestic conflict and child safety behaviors.Methods: We studied consecutive patients in an Emergency Department. Trained interviewers used a structured instrument to assess patient, primary caregiver, and household demographics, socio-economic status, psychosocial factors, child safety behaviors (whether a gun was in the home, poisons were locked, a functioning smoke detector was present, and use of carseats or seatbelts), and whether the home was smoke-free. 1,116 patients provided adequate data.Results: Depression was associated with a modest and not statistically significant reduction in child safety behaviors in this population. Lack of social support and the presence of domestic conflict were robustly, independently, and statistically significantly associated with less safe homes. Domestic conflict was associated with more smoking in the home.Conclusion: In our population, child safety was associated less with depression and more with parental lack of social support and domestic conflict. These can be assessed in a Emergency Department and may be amenable to intervention.

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“…[1][2][3] Studies show that intimate partner violence or abuse (IPV) affects the physical and mental health of victims [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and of children who witness it. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Because IPV is commonplace and the consequences of IPV are serious, professional organizations recommend that physicians routinely screen the woman alone without her spouse or children. [19][20][21][22][23] The value of screening for IPV when effectiveness has not been proved remains subject to controversy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Management of Intimate Partner Violence Considering the Stages of Change: Precontemplation and Contemplation

Zink

Elder

Jacobson

et al. 2004

The Annals of Family Medicine

130

114

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BACKGROUND We undertook a study to understand how women who are victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) want physicians to manage these abusive relationships in the primary care offi ce.METHODS Thirty-two mothers in IPV shelters or support groups in southwestern Ohio were interviewed to explore their abuse experiences and health care encounters retrospectively. The interviews were taped and transcribed. Using thematic analysis techniques, transcripts were read for indications of the stages of change and for participants' desires concerning appropriate physician management.RESULTS Participants believed that physicians should screen women for IPV both on a routine basis and when symptoms indicating possible abuse are present, even if the victim does not disclose the abuse. Screening is an important tool to capture those women early in the process of victimization. When a victim does not recognize her relationship as abusive, participants recommended that physicians raise the issue by asking, but they also warned that doing more may alienate the victim. Participants also encouraged physicians to explore clues that victims might give about the abuse. In later contemplation, victims are willing to disclose the abuse and are exploring options. Physicians were encouraged to affi rm the abuse, know local resources for IPV victims, make appropriate referrals, educate victims about how the abuse affects their health, and document the abuse. Participants identifi ed a variety of internal and external factors that had affected their processes. CONCLUSIONSIn hindsight, IPV victims recommended desired actions from physicians that could help them during early stages of coming to terms with their abusive relationships. Stage-matched interventions may help physicians manage IPV more effectively and avoid overloading the victim with information for which she is not ready. BACKGROUNDI n the primary care offi ce, 11% to 22% of women are currently experiencing physical abuse. [1][2][3] Studies show that intimate partner violence or abuse (IPV) affects the physical and mental health of victims [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and of children who witness it. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Because IPV is commonplace and the consequences of IPV are serious, professional organizations recommend that physicians routinely screen the woman alone without her spouse or children. [19][20][21][22][23] The value of screening for IPV when effectiveness has not been proved remains subject to controversy. 24,25 Rhodes and Levinson 26 remind us, however, that physicians will continue to see both men and women who are abused and that the recognition of abuse may infl uence the evaluation of the patient' s complaints as well as the outcomes of care.Studies show that physicians are not screening. [27][28][29] The reported barriers One barrier not mentioned in the literature is that children are often with their mothers in the offi ce. Sometimes children accompany their mothers to her medical appointments (8%), and often mothers bring children to ...

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Academic and School Health Issues Among Children Exposed to Maternal Intimate Partner Abuse

Cited by 68 publications

References 41 publications

Physical Health in Preschool Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence

Physical Health in Preschool Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence

Child Injury Risks are Close to Home: Parent Psychosocial Factors Associated with Child Safety

Medical Management of Intimate Partner Violence Considering the Stages of Change: Precontemplation and Contemplation

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