Academic Radiology Departments Should Lead Artificial Intelligence Initiatives

Santomartino, Samantha M; Siegel, Eliot L.; Yi, Paul H.

doi:10.1016/j.acra.2022.07.011

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…Many fields in medicine have been investigating the role of AI in a clinical decision-making capacity. Owing to the development of advanced AI models capable of image-recognition tasks, radiologists are perhaps closest to deploying AI into their clinical work, and some have even posited that radiologists should lead AI initiatives 18 . In the realm of internal medicine, with continuous glucose monitoring, AI algorithms are used to determine the necessity for insulin dose adjustments remotely 19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating ChatGPT Performance on the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination

Kung,

Marshall,

Gauthier

et al. 2023

JBJS Open Access

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Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) holds potential in improving medical education and healthcare delivery. ChatGPT is a state-of-the-art natural language processing AI model which has shown impressive capabilities, scoring in the top percentiles on numerous standardized examinations, including the Uniform Bar Exam and Scholastic Aptitude Test. The goal of this study was to evaluate ChatGPT performance on the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE), an assessment of medical knowledge for orthopedic residents. Methods: OITE 2020, 2021, and 2022 questions without images were inputted into ChatGPT version 3.5 and version 4 (GPT-4) with zero prompting. The performance of ChatGPT was evaluated as a percentage of correct responses and compared with the national average of orthopedic surgery residents at each postgraduate year (PGY) level. ChatGPT was asked to provide a source for its answer, which was categorized as being a journal article, book, or website, and if the source could be verified. Impact factor for the journal cited was also recorded. Results: ChatGPT answered 196 of 360 answers correctly (54.3%), corresponding to a PGY-1 level. ChatGPT cited a verifiable source in 47.2% of questions, with an average median journal impact factor of 5.4. GPT-4 answered 265 of 360 questions correctly (73.6%), corresponding to the average performance of a PGY-5 and exceeding the corresponding passing score for the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part I Examination of 67%. GPT-4 cited a verifiable source in 87.9% of questions, with an average median journal impact factor of 5.2. Conclusions: ChatGPT performed above the average PGY-1 level and GPT-4 performed better than the average PGY-5 level, showing major improvement. Further investigation is needed to determine how successive versions of ChatGPT would perform and how to optimize this technology to improve medical education. Clinical Relevance: AI has the potential to aid in medical education and healthcare delivery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%