ACC-1 β-Lactamase–producingSalmonella entericaSerovar Typhi, India

Antimicrobial resistance among blood culture isolates of Salmonella enterica in New Delhi

“…In the present study, 2% of S. enterica strains were observed to be resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (cefexime and ceftriaxone), similar to the proportions reported in a multi-centre Indian study and a report from Pakistan [9,35]. The recent reports of emerging extended spectrum beta lactamase-mediated resistance to ceftriaxone in S. Typhi and ACC-1 AmpC betalactamase producing S. Typhi strain conferring resistance to broad spectrum cephalosporins are alarming [36,37] as their spread among typhoidal salmonellae could seriously limit therapeutic options, and clinicians would likely have to resort to traditional first-line drugs or second line agents such as carbapenems and tigecycline.…”

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF Salmonella enterica serovars typhi and paratyphi FROM BLOOD ISOLATES IN CHILDREN FROM A NORTH DELHI TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

“…Most affected group was children less than 5 years of age as also documented by Mweu, et al and others [3,4,6]. Though there are previous reports of cephalosporin resistant Salmonella isolates from different parts of the world associated with its clinical failure [8][9][10][11][12][13], all the isolates in our study were fully susceptible to 3 rd gen cephalosporins and carbapenems. None of the Salmonella isolates were MDR.…”

“…Studies across the globe also documented an increase in number of quinolone resistant strains especially nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella typhi (NARST), apart from MDR isolates in typhoidal Salmonella [9][10][11][12][13]. Furthermore, various other studies across the globe documented an increase in resistance towards quinolones and third generation cephalosporins, commonly used for empirical treatment of enteric fever [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Azithromycin, a broad-spectrum macrolide antimicrobial, although costly, introduced later for the treatment of enteric fever, as a very good option because of its property of intra cellular concentration and good clinical response [14][15][16][17].…”

“…MDR in Salmonella strains is mainly due to plasmid mediated resistance whereas fluoroquinolone resistance is a result of chromosomal mutation of DNA Gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV gene. Gene mutations encoding for extended spectrum beta lactamases confers resistance towards broad spectrum cephalosporins [1,3,8]. MDR Salmonella strains are more virulent in terms of morbidity and mortality, a troublesome fact concerning clinical management and prevention of these infections [1].…”

Comparative prevalence of MDR S. typhi in Northern and Southern parts of Karnataka, South India

“…This indicates that there has been a situation to relook at the break points and the zone diameters for reporting ciprofloxacin resistance for Salmonella 17 . In the present study 4.7% of third generation cephalosporin resistant S.typhi have been isolated, which is a matter of concern 18 . We have screened for the ESBL producers among the third generation cephalosporin resistant strains by DDST phenotypic method.…”