Accelerated Cooling of Steel Plates: The Time Has Come

Heat transfer enhancement using air-atomized spray cooling with water–Al2O3 nanofluid

“…4. Since the plate cooling technology in the steel industry is operated in the temperature range of 900 Ce200 C for promoting the formation of a full martensitic microstructure, the same temperature range has been considered in this study [4]. Moreover, the heat transfer enhancement in this temperature region is more crucial for various high heat flux applications such as electronic chips, space crafts, nuclear fuel rods, combustion technologies, etc.…”

“…Here, the cooling rate plays an important role in the thermo-metallurgical phase transformations which eventually govern the final mechanical properties of the steel. The major temperature ranges of cooling intensity which are important for phase transformations in steels are 900 Ce600 C and 900 Ce200 C [4,5]. Upon applying a faster cooling intensity, in the former temperature range, steel of dual phase microstructure (ferriteepearlite, pearliteemartensite, martensiteeaustinite, etc.)…”

Uma breve revisão histórica do desenvolvimento da soldagem dos aços API para tubulações

“…Antes do desenvolvimento dos aços de alta resistência baixa liga ou aços microligados (ARBL ou HSLA em inglês), os tubos eram produzidos com aços endurecidos pela adição de carbono e manganês possuindo, desta forma, péssimas soldabilidade e tenacidade [11][12][13][14]. Os aços utilizados na fabricação de tubos API 5L, a partir do grau X42 são do tipo ARBL.…”

Microstructural and corrosion study of a “non-comercial” high manganese steel

“…The carbon content of the steels produced was around ≅ 0.25%, and today the content has been reduced to around ≅ 0.05%. This reduction substantially improves the weldability of steel [11,12]. That is why the choice of such a low value of carbon in the composition of the steel under study.…”