Accelerated Triglyceride Secretion A METABOLIC CONSEQUENCE OF OBESITY

Robertson, R. P.; Dj, Gavareski; Jd, Henderson; Porte, Daniel; El, Bierman

doi:10.1172/jci107340

Cited by 85 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This overproduction is consistent with results of several prior studies in both man and animals (28)(29)(30)(31). However, the importance of obesity as a cause of increased VLDL-TG flux may have been overlooked because of the method used for expressing results (32).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Transport of Very Low Density Lipoprotein Triglycerides in Varying Degrees of Obesity and Hypertriglyceridemia

Grundy¹,

Mok²,

Zech³

et al. 1979

J. Clin. Invest.

271

107

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A B S T R A C T Measurements oftransport oftriglycerides (TG) in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) were carried out in 59 patients by injection of radioactive glycerol, determinations of specific activities of VLDL-TG for 48 h thereafter, and treatment of the data by multicompartmental analysis. The patients were divided into three groups: normal weight (89-120% ideal weight), mildly obese (120-135% ideal weight), and markedly obese (135% ideal weight). They had varying levels of VLDL-TG ranging from normal to markedly elevated. In many subjects, there was a positive correlation between concentrations and transport of VLDL indicating that overproduction of VLDL-TG contributed to hypertriglyceridemia. In others, and particularly in several markedly obese subjects, transport rates were greatly increased without significant hypertriglyceridemia, suggesting that they had enhanced capacity to clear TG. In all groups, however, there were patients whose degree ofhypertriglyceridemia seemed out of proportion to their transport rates. This finding and the fact that many patients have increased secretion ofVLDL-TG without elevated plasma TG suggests that both overproduction of VLDL-TG and insufficient enhancement of clearance contributed to the development of hypertriglyceridemia.The data showed a poor correlation between transport rates determined by our multicompartment analysis and single-exponential analysis used previously by other investigators (r = 0.46); this comparison was not improved by segregating patients according to their degree of obesity. Although two conversion pathways (fast and slow synthetic paths) were required to fit the data, there was no correlation between transport ratesThis work was presented, in part, at the 49th and 50th

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Transport of Very Low Density Lipoprotein Triglycerides in Varying Degrees of Obesity and Hypertriglyceridemia

Grundy¹,

Mok²,

Zech³

et al. 1979

J. Clin. Invest.

271

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, on the basis of the present study, apart from stressing adipose tissue participation, one cannot evaluate quantitatively the degree of defective TG removal in diabetic humans. The present results do not exclude the contribution of increased splanchnic TG production to the development of hypertriglyceridemia in diabetes, especially in those who were obese or had a familial form of hypertriglyceridemia (47)(48)(49). Thus, patient selection would be a major factor influencing the interpretation of the mechanism of hypertriglyceridemia in diabetes.…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…If so, the plasma TG removal capacity, as related to adipose tissue, would appear to be increased in obesity. There is evidence from animal studies indicating that obesity is accompanied by increased splanchnic TG production (47), which when coupled with increased removal, may explain the mild elevation of plasma TG associated with obesity. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of human adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase. Effect of diabetes and obesity on basal- and diet-induced activity.

Pykälistö¹,

Smith²,

Brunzell³

1975

J. Clin. Invest.

280

106

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A B S T R A C T The role of insulin in the regulation of human adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase was evaluated. Adipose tissue heparin-releasable lipoprotein lipase (thought to be related to peripheral clearance of plasma triglycerides) was low in insulin-deficient, untreated hyperglycemic diabetic subjects (P <0.001) and treatment of hyperglycemia returned the activity to normal. In chronic hyperinsulinism, represented by obesity, heparin-releasable activity among control subjects was correlated to percent of ideal body weight (r = 0.53, P < 0.05) and to fat cell size (r = 0.61, P < 0.02).Acetone-ether powder lipoprotein lipase activity (presumed to reflect total tissue enzyme) was also related to percent of ideal body weight (r = 0.76, P < 0.001 for controls; r = 0.67, P <0.05 for diabetics) and to fat cell size (r = 0.71, P <0.01 for controls; r = 0.85, P <0.01 for diabetics. Postprandial-stimulated insulin secretion was related to diet-induced changes in lipoprotein lipase in control subjects; both were dependent upon the amount of dietary carbohydrate. In contrast, the diabetic patients with low insulin responses, failed to increase lipoprotein lipase activity with feeding. The changes in heparin-releasable (r = 0.66, P <0.01) and acetone-ether powder (r = 0.69, P <0.01) activity during feeding were related to the percent increase in plasma insulin.Thus, insulin appears to be important in the regulation of human adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity. Elevated insulin levels in obesity and increased insulin secretion after eating were associated with increased lipoprotein lipase activity. Defects in insulin secretion, both in postabsorptive and postprandial states, are asThis study represents a part of the clinical investigation by the late Dr. Olavi J. Pykdlist6 during a fellowship at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Seattle, Wash.

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“…After 21 days of the experimental diet, triglyceride secretion rates (TGSR) were determined in animals which had fasted for 24 hours using the method of Triton hepatic blockade described by Robertson et al 14 and previously reported from this laboratory. 15 The Triton blockade of peripheral triglyceride removal results in a rise in plasma TG levels, reflecting TG secretion into the plasma.…”

Section: Triglyceride Secretion Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fiber and lipoprotein metabolism in the genetically obese Zucker rat.

Wilson¹,

S²,

Eaton³

1984

Arteriosclerosis

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The present investigation was designed to examine the influence of dietary fibers with differing soluble fiber compositions upon the metabolism of lipids in a hyperlipemic animal model, the Zucker fatty rat. The response to fiber was examined using a diet supplemented with cellulose, oat bran, or pectin which have a soluble/insoluble fiber ratio of 0:100, 33=66, and 100=0, respectively. These fibers provided 10% of the total diet weight; the control diet contained no fiber. A rapid increase in plasma triglyceride concentration was observed in all animals given fiber-supplemented diets in correlation with the increased carbohydrate content of the defined diets relative to the prestudy diets. This increase in plasma triglyceride was due to increased production of triglycerides with no change in the rates of clearance. The plasma total cholesterol levels were relatively constant on all diets. However, after 7 weeks on the pectinsupplemented diet, rats showed a 39% elevation in HDL and a 44% reduction in LDL concentration. This diet also resulted in reduced weight gain, in spite of a caloric intake equivalent to the control diets. Our data suggest that the ability of dietary fiber to alter plasma lipoproteins might be predictable from the soluble fiber composition or the pectin content of a given dietary fiber in this model of genetic endogenous hyperlipemia. (Arteriosclerosis

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Accelerated Triglyceride Secretion A METABOLIC CONSEQUENCE OF OBESITY

Cited by 85 publications

References 15 publications

Transport of Very Low Density Lipoprotein Triglycerides in Varying Degrees of Obesity and Hypertriglyceridemia

Transport of Very Low Density Lipoprotein Triglycerides in Varying Degrees of Obesity and Hypertriglyceridemia

Determinants of human adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase. Effect of diabetes and obesity on basal- and diet-induced activity.

Dietary fiber and lipoprotein metabolism in the genetically obese Zucker rat.

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