Accelerating and improving survey implementation with mobile technology: Lessons from PMA2020 implementation in Lagos, Nigeria

Zimmerman, Linnea; OlaOlorun, Funmilola; Radloff, Scott

doi:10.11564/29-1-719

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The data analyzed in this study are drawn from national PMA2020 surveys with multiple rounds [17, 24]. Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, PMA2020 was originally designed to facilitate annual progress reporting in support of the goals and principles of FP2020 across priority countries in Africa and Asia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subnational estimation of modern contraceptive prevalence in five sub-Saharan African countries: a Bayesian hierarchical approach

Louis

Liu

et al. 2019

BMC Public Health

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Background Global monitoring efforts have relied on national estimates of modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) for many low-income countries. However, most contraceptive delivery programs are implemented by health departments at lower administrative levels, reflecting a persisting gap between the availability of and need for subnational mCPR estimates. Methods Using woman-level data from multiple semi-annual national survey rounds conducted between 2013 and 2016 in five sub-Saharan African countries (Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, and Uganda) by the Performance, Monitoring and Accountability 2020 project, we propose a Bayesian Hierarchical Model with a standard set of covariates and temporally correlated random effects to estimate the level and trend of mCPR for first level administrative divisions in each country. Results There is considerable narrowing of the uncertainty interval (UI) around the model-based estimates, compared to the estimates directly based on the survey data. We find substantial variations in the estimated subnational mCPRs. Uganda, for example, shows a gain in mCPR of 6.4% (95% UI: 4.5–8.3) based on model estimates of 20.9% (19.6–22.2) in mid-2014 and 27.3% (26.0–28.8) in mid-2016, with change across 10 regions ranging from − 0.6 points in Karamoja to 9.4 points in Central 2 region. The lower bound of the UIs of the change over four rounds was above 0 in 6 regions. Similar upward trends are observed for most regions in the other four countries, and there is noticeable within-country geographic variation. Conclusions Reliable subnational estimates of mCPR empower health departments in evidence-based policy making. Despite nationally increasing mCPRs, regional disparities exist within countries suggesting uneven contraceptive access. Raising investments in disadvantaged areas may be warranted to increase equity in access to modern contraceptive methods. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-6545-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subnational estimation of modern contraceptive prevalence in five sub-Saharan African countries: a Bayesian hierarchical approach

Louis

Liu

et al. 2019

BMC Public Health

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“…The digital collection survey presented in this article, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020, http://pma2020.org ), is a large-scale mobile phone based monitoring program led by Johns Hopkins University (JHU) in collaboration with local research institutions in each study country [ 27 ]. PMA2020 surveys are modular, allowing for inclusion of newer topics while consistently monitoring core metrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underreporting of high-risk water and sanitation practices undermines progress on global targets

et al. 2017

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Water and sanitation indicators under the Millennium Development Goals failed to capture high-risk practices undertaken on a regular basis. In conjunction with local partners, fourteen rounds of household surveys using mobile phones with a customized open-source application were conducted across nine study geographies in Asia and Africa. In addition to the main water and sanitation facilities, interviewees (n = 245,054) identified all water and sanitation options regularly used for at least one season of the year. Unimproved water consumption and open defecation were targeted as high-risk practices. We defined underreporting as the difference between the regular and main use of high-risk practices. Our estimates of high-risk practices as the main option matched the widely accepted Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) estimates within the 95% confidence interval. However, estimates of these practices as a regular option was far higher than the DHS estimates. Across the nine geographies, median underreporting of unimproved water use was 5.5%, with a range of 0.5% to 13.9%. Median underreporting of open defecation was much higher at 9.9%, with a range of 2.7% to 11.5%. This resulted in an underreported population of 25 million regularly consuming unimproved water and 50 million regularly practicing open defecation. Further examination of data from Ethiopia suggested that location and socio-economic factors were significant drivers of underreporting. Current global monitoring relies on a framework that considers the availability and use of a single option to meet drinking water and sanitation needs. Our analysis demonstrates the use of multiple options and widespread underreporting of high-risk practices. Policies based on current monitoring data, therefore, fail to consider the range of challenges and solutions to meeting water and sanitation needs, and result in an inflated sense of progress. Mobile surveys offer a cost-effective and innovative platform to rapidly and repeatedly monitor critical development metrics.

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“…This is contrary to standard data collection norms in survey research, although the use of “resident enumerators” is now being implemented in a number of surveys in Africa as part of the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 Project. [ 29 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Planning for Strangers: An Experiment on the Validity of Reported Contraceptive Use

2015

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Sterilization levels reported in the Dominican Republic appear well above what we would normally expect given prevailing patterns in the region. We suspect that the use of strangers as interviewers—the normative approach in data collection in both developed and developing country settings—may be partly responsible for this result, and may underlie a long history of bias in family planning data. We present findings from a field experiment conducted in a Dominican town in 2010, where interviewer assignment was randomized by level of preexisting level of familiarity between interviewer and respondent. In our data, sterilization use is higher when the interviewer is an outsider, as opposed to someone known to the respondent or from the same community. In addition, high sterilization use is correlated with a propensity of respondents to present themselves in a positive light to interviewers. These results call into question the routine use of strangers and outsiders as interviewers in demographic and health surveys.

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Accelerating and improving survey implementation with mobile technology: Lessons from PMA2020 implementation in Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Subnational estimation of modern contraceptive prevalence in five sub-Saharan African countries: a Bayesian hierarchical approach

Subnational estimation of modern contraceptive prevalence in five sub-Saharan African countries: a Bayesian hierarchical approach

Underreporting of high-risk water and sanitation practices undermines progress on global targets

Family Planning for Strangers: An Experiment on the Validity of Reported Contraceptive Use

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