Acceleration and mechanistic studies of the mechanochemical dechlorination of HCB with iron powder and quartz sand

Zhang, Wang; Wang, Haizhu; Huang, Jun; Yu, Miao; Wang, Fang; Zhou, Lianbi; Yu, Gang

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2013.11.018

Cited by 73 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It has been demonstrated that halogenated organic pollutants can be mineralized to halides and amorphous carbon within few hours29303132. However MC destruction is usually conducted with large excess of reagent (often a zero valent metal or a metal oxide, e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical conversion of brominated POPs into useful oxybromides: a greener approach

Cagnetta

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Brominated organic pollutants are considered of great concern for their adverse effect on human health and the environment, so an increasing number of such compounds are being classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Mechanochemical destruction is a promising technology for POPs safe disposal because it can achieve their complete carbonization by solvent-free high energy ball milling at room temperature. However, a large amount of co-milling reagent usually is necessary, so a considerable volume of residue is produced. In the present study a different approach to POPs mechanochemical destruction is proposed. Employing stoichiometric quantities of Bi2O3 or La2O3 as co-milling reagent, brominated POPs are selectively and completely converted into their corresponding oxybromides (i.e. BiOBr and LaOBr), which possess very peculiar properties and can be used for some actual and many more potential applications. In this way, bromine is beneficially reused in the final product, while POPs carbon skeleton is safely destroyed to amorphous carbon. Moreover, mechanochemical destruction is employed in a greener and more sustainable manner.

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confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical conversion of brominated POPs into useful oxybromides: a greener approach

Cagnetta

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…However, Cl -content detected by ion chromatography is only 10.9 %. In Zhang et al's [22] work, using Fe/SiO 2 the mechanochemical dechlorination of HCB, the yield of water-soluble chlorine was 91.5 % and no organic compounds were detected after 8 h of grinding. This means that most of chlorine was transformed into soluble inorganic Cl -.…”

Section: Effect Of Milling Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The equation below can be used to assess the treatment efficiency for destruction in the milling process [22].…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loiselle et al [21] utilized CaH 2 as a source of active hydrogen and chlorinated organic compounds can be dehalogenated by mechanochemical treatment, producing a much more specific reaction in less time compared with CaO and MgO substrates. Although CaH 2 is efficient in the destruction of HCB, more consideration should be paid on its high reactivity and lability in practical implementation [22]. And zero-valent iron combined with oxide drawn the attention of researchers due to its high destruction efficiency in shorter time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And zero-valent iron combined with oxide drawn the attention of researchers due to its high destruction efficiency in shorter time. Researchers in Tsinghua University came up with the mixture of iron powder and SiO 2 to destruct HCB, with higher efficiency and lower volume of residue [22]. Considering the practical application of mechanochemistry destruction, zero-valent metal with different oxides may be a promising method to destruct HCB and other POPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mechanochemical degradation of hexachlorobenzene using Mg/Al2O3 as additive

Ren

Kang²,

Zhu

2015

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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In the present work, we investigate the destruction efficiency of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) by milling with various reagents in a planetary ball mill under different milling conditions. Under the same conditions of mill rotary rate and charge ratio, the mixture of magnesium powder and aluminum oxide (Mg/Al 2 O 3 ) was found best in promoting the destruction of HCB, which can be completed destroyed after 90 min grinding at a charge ratio of 20:1 (reagent/HCB, m/m), a ball mass/reagent mass ration of 30:1 and a mill rotation speed of 550 rpm. The ground samples were characterized and analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, gas chromatography (GC), X-ray diffraction and ion chromatography. The intermediate products, such as pentachlorobenzene, tetrachlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene isomers, dichlorobenzene and monochlorobenzene were detected by GC. Then the main dechlorination path way for HCB was proposed. With a series of verification experiments, the final degradation products of HCB were amorphous carbon and inorganic chlorine. Based on this study, Mg/Al 2 O 3 has the potential to complete the innocuous treatment of chlorinated compounds.

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Degradation of 4‐chlorophenol by BM Fe/Cu‐O₂ system: The symbiosis of and ·OH radicals

Fan

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2019

Water Environment Research

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In this study, Fe/Cu bimetal composite was prepared by high‐energy ball milling (BM) method for the removal of refractory organics. The BM Fe/Cu bimetal was characterized by SEM‐EDS, XRD, and XPS. Evenly distributed Fe and Cu was observed in the EDS mapping. In contrasting experiments, the removal rate of 4‐chlorophenol (4‐CP) by BM Fe/Cu materials was about 10‐fold faster than that by chemical substitution deposition (CSD) of Fe/Cu material. Complete 4‐CP removal and 66.7% of total organic carbon (TOC) mineralization in the BM Fe/Cu–O2 system were achieved. Dissolved oxygen plays a crucial role for 4‐CP degradation through the in situ generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H2O2, ·OH, and ·O2- via oxygen activation reactions. The predominant reactive radicals were identified to be ·O2- and ·OH through ESR technique and inhibition experiments. The coexistence of oxidation and reduction of 4‐CP in the BM Fe/Cu‐O2 system was proposed. Practitioner points 4‐CP removal rate by BM Fe/Cu is 10‐fold faster than that by CSD Fe/Cu at the same conditions. Complete 4‐CP removal and 66.7% of TOC reduction were achieved. All three ROS including ·OH, ·O2-, and H2O2 coexisted in the BM Fe/Cu‐O2 system. A harmonious coexistence of oxidation and reduction mechanism was proposed.

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Acceleration and mechanistic studies of the mechanochemical dechlorination of HCB with iron powder and quartz sand

Cited by 73 publications

References 23 publications

Mechanochemical conversion of brominated POPs into useful oxybromides: a greener approach

Mechanochemical conversion of brominated POPs into useful oxybromides: a greener approach

Mechanochemical degradation of hexachlorobenzene using Mg/Al2O3 as additive

Degradation of 4‐chlorophenol by BM Fe/Cu‐O₂ system: The symbiosis of and ·OH radicals

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Acceleration and mechanistic studies of the mechanochemical dechlorination of HCB with iron powder and quartz sand

Cited by 73 publications

References 23 publications

Mechanochemical conversion of brominated POPs into useful oxybromides: a greener approach

Mechanochemical conversion of brominated POPs into useful oxybromides: a greener approach

Mechanochemical degradation of hexachlorobenzene using Mg/Al2O3 as additive

Degradation of 4‐chlorophenol by BM Fe/Cu‐O2 system: The symbiosis of and ·OH radicals

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Degradation of 4‐chlorophenol by BM Fe/Cu‐O₂ system: The symbiosis of and ·OH radicals