Acceleration of multi-species ions in CO2 laser-produced plasmas: Experiments and theory

Begay, Fred

doi:10.1063/1.863926

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The theoretical studies include both analytical and numerical methods for a wide range of conditions. The types of plasmas considered include (1) plasmas composed of a single electron temperature and a single ion species (see, for example, Gurevich et al [1966Gurevich et al [ , 1968 Gurevich et al, 1973Gurevich et al, , 1979Gurevich and Pitaevsky, 1975;Gurevich and Meshcherkin, 1981a;Singh and Schunk, 1982;Decoste and Ripin, 1978;Felber and Decoste, 1978;Anderson et al, 1978;Begay and Forslund, 1982]; and (4) plasmas composed of electrons with multiple temperatures and multiple ion species [e.g., Wickens and Allen, 1981]. The papers cited can be divided according to whether a fluid and/or a kinetic approach is used, whether ions are taken to be cold and/or hot, and whether overall charge neutrality or charge separation is considered.…”

Section: Expansion Of a Plasma Into A Vacuummentioning

confidence: 99%

The expansion of a plasma into a vacuum: Basic phenomena and processes and applications to space plasma physics

Samir

Wright

Stone

1983

Reviews of Geophysics

171

144

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In this review we call attention to basic phenomena and physical processes involved in the expansion of a plasma into a vacuum, or the expansion of a plasma into a more tenuous plasma, in particular the fact that upon the expansion, ions are accelerated and reach energies well above their thermal energy. Also, in the process of the expansion a rarefaction wave propagates into the ambient plasma, an ion front moves into the expansion volume, and discontinuities in plasma parameters occtlr. We discuss the physical processes which cause the above phenomena and point toward their possible application for the case of the distribution of ions and electrons (hence plasma potential and electric fields) in the wake region behind artificial and natural obstacles moving supersonically in a rarefied space plasma. To illustrate this, some in situ results are reexamined. Directions for future work in this area via the utilization of the Space Shuttle and laboratory work are also mentioned.1.

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Section: Expansion Of a Plasma Into A Vacuummentioning

confidence: 99%

The expansion of a plasma into a vacuum: Basic phenomena and processes and applications to space plasma physics

Samir

Wright

Stone

1983

Reviews of Geophysics

171

144

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“…If we assume a thermal equilibrium state for the plasma, the energy distribution is given by a Maxwellian. The temperature of the plasma is estimated [13,14] to be of the order of 67 keV for a background electron temperature T c = 0.5 keV and 84 keV for T c = 1. keV at the given laser intensity and the wavelength of the experiment. We mention that Ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comment on “Observation of neutronless fusion reactions in picosecond laser plasmas”

2009

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The paper by Belyaev et al. [Phys. Rev. E 72, 026406 (2005)] reported the first experimental observation of alpha particles produced in the thermonuclear reaction 11 B(p, α) 8 Be induced by laser-irradiation on a 11 B polyethylene (CH2) composite target. The laser used in the experiment is characterized by a picosecond pulse duration and a peak of intensity of 2×10 18 W/cm 2 . We suggest that both the background-reduction method adopted in their detection system and the choice of the detection energy region of the reaction products are possibly inadequate. Consequently the total yield reported underestimates the true yield. Based on their observation, we give an estimation of the total yield to be higher than their conclusion, i.e., of the order of 10 5 α per shot. The observations of the thermonuclear reactions in a high-power laser pulse irradiated target is one of the hottest topics [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. The most investigated reaction is D (d, n) 3 He with a Q-value of 3.26 MeV. There have been studies using different characteristics of lasers irradiation on a wide variety of targets, solid CD 2 plastic [2,5,6], D 2 -gas [4] and deuterium-clusters [1]. Since the reactions produce monochromatic neutrons, the spectroscopy of these neutrons gives important information on the ion acceleration mechanism in the laser-induced plasma.In the experiment recently carried out by a Russian group the yield of 10 3 α-particles has been reported [7], for the first time, in the laser-irradiation of a 11 B+CH 2 composite target. Their experiment is important for a deep understanding of the ion acceleration mechanism in the laser-matter interaction. The experiment has been carried out by using a "Neodymium" laser facility with the pulse energy of up to 15 J, a laser wave length of 1.055 µm, and a pulse duration of 1.5 ps. Before the main pulse, there are three pre-pulses with relative intensities 10 −4 , 10 −3 and 10 −8 , with ps durations for the former two and with 4 ns duration for the last one.The laser beam has been focused on the solid target at an oblique incidence of 40 degrees to the target normal. CR-39 track detectors covered with 11 and 22 µm thick aluminum foils have been used to count the yield of α-particles from the reaction 11 B(p, α) 8 Be. The reaction induces three-particles decay. Either through the 8 Be ground state (α 0 ):with the reaction Q-value = 8.59 MeV or through the 8 Be excited state (α 1 ):(2) * Electronic address: kimura@lns.infn.it; Also at Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Universita' di Catania, via Santa Sofia, 64, 95123 Catania, Italy with the reaction Q-value = 5.65 MeV and a large width of 1.5 MeV [8,9,10]. This is followed by the decay of the excited state (α 12 ):and a reaction Q-value = 3.028 MeV. It is known that the main channel of the reaction is the second [11,12] and only 1 % of the reaction products are α 0 from the reaction (1). Using energy and momentum conservation laws, the α 0 and α 1 have kinetic energies:where E is the center-of-mass incident energy in the case of the c...

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“…Experiments devoted purely to the study of fast-ion generation were performed at the Helios, CO 2 laser facility of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) [30].…”

Section: The Los Alamos Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Ion Acceleration from the Interaction of Ultra-Intense laser Pulse with thi foils

Allen

2004

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Contents List of Figures iii List of Tables v I should be on Roswell. Finally, I would like to thank my mom and sister for their kind and loving support throughout the many years I spent in graduate school when I could have been making money to pay back college loans. viii Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter introduces the benefits of fusion power as a means of producing commercially available electricity. Basic plasma physics parameters relevant to the study of fusion plasmas are defined, and multiple approaches to achieving fusion power are briefly discussed. Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF), which uses lasers or heavy ion beams to compress a small pellet filled with a fuel of deuterium and tritium, is shown as a promising candidate for fusion power. The fast ignitor concept, a potentially easier but as-of-yet-unvalidated approach to ICF, is described along with recent ion-acceleration experiments that could increase the concept's feasibility. An outline of this thesis describing laser-plasma, ion-acceleration experiments is given in Section 1.5.

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Acceleration of multi-species ions in CO2 laser-produced plasmas: Experiments and theory

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

The expansion of a plasma into a vacuum: Basic phenomena and processes and applications to space plasma physics

The expansion of a plasma into a vacuum: Basic phenomena and processes and applications to space plasma physics

Comment on “Observation of neutronless fusion reactions in picosecond laser plasmas”

Laser Ion Acceleration from the Interaction of Ultra-Intense laser Pulse with thi foils

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