Acceptability of Self-Testing for Trichomoniasis Increases with Experience

Huppert, Jill S.; Bernard, Molly; Hesse, Elizabeth A.; Xiao, Yong; Huang, Bin; Gaydos, Charlotte A.; Kahn, Jessica A.

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.11.024

Cited by 6 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For example, materials sent with tests should include clear instructions and indicate that most people who have used self-tests report that they are easy to use. 32,38,53 Furthermore, targeting informational materials by gender and sexual orientation (e.g., through images, instructions and population-specific information about STD risks and potential concerns about home testing) may increase their relevance. 54 Such materials offer a low-cost and sustainable strategy that may help promote home-based testing among sexual minority populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 Previous research examining the acceptability of self-collected samples in clinic settings has shown that men and women, even adolescents, find the tests acceptable and easy to perform; moreover, many young women prefer this approach over pelvic examinations. [31][32][33][34][35] Self-collecting samples opens up opportunities for STD testing outside of traditional settings. Self-collection that can be performed at home (i.e., home-based testing) allows individuals to collect specimens privately, at a time and place that is convenient for them, and then mail the specimen to a doctor or lab for testing.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Acceptability of Home-Based Chlamydia And Gonorrhea Testing Among a National Sample Of Sexual Minority Young Adults

McRee¹,

Esber

Reiter

2015

Perspect Sex Repro H

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CONTEXT-STDs are common among older adolescents and young adults; hence, STD screening is a public health priority. Home-based STD testing could be a strategy to improve screening rates, particularly among at-risk populations, including sexual minority (i.e., nonheterosexual) young adults.METHODS-Data were collected from a national sample of 971 sexual minority young adults aged 18-26 through an online survey in the fall of 2013. Logistic regression analyses identified associations between respondents' characteristics and their willingness to use a home-based test for chlamydia and gonorrhea.RESULTS-A greater proportion of men than of women were willing to use a home-based STD test (81% vs. 68%). Willingness was more likely among gay than among bisexual men, among men insured through their parents than among the uninsured and among those who had had two or more sexual partners in the past year than among those who had had fewer (adjusted odds ratios, 2.0-2.2). Among men, students were less likely than the employed to report willingness for homebased testing (0.4). Among women, willingness was more likely among those who reported at least two partners in the past year than among those who reported fewer (1.6). Overall, respondents' most common concerns about home-based STD testing regarded test accuracy, their ability to do the test correctly and their preference to see a doctor for testing.CONCLUSIONS-Home-based STD testing may be a promising strategy for screening sexual minority young adults; understanding correlates of willingness and young adults' concerns may help inform self-testing programs.Bacterial STDs, including chlamydia and gonorrhea, represent a significant public health problem, as almost two million cases are reported each year in the United States. 1 This Author contact: almcree@cph.osu.edu. Low screening rates point to the need for novel approaches to increase STD testing, and selftesting may be an acceptable and effective strategy. Previous research suggests that low levels of testing may be due to a number of reasons, including low levels of knowledge about STDs and available services; misperceptions of risk; wait times for appointments; cost; shame or unwillingness to disclose risky sexual behavior to a health care provider; discrimination; and fear regarding specimen collection. 26,27 Self-testing may help address many of these barriers and concerns, as it typically involves a patient's collecting a specimen, through either a swab (vaginal, urethral or rectal) or a sample of first-void urine. HHS Public AccessThe self-collection of samples has been found to be a valid and reliable method of detecting chlamydia and gonorrhea, and it compares well with collection by clinicians. [28][29][30] For example, among women, chlamydia testing using self-collected vaginal swabs has been found to be more sensitive than that using clinician-collected endocervical swabs (97% vs. 88%) and to have equal specificity (99.9% vs. 100%). 30 Among men who have sex with men, reports of sensitivity and spec...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptability of Home-Based Chlamydia And Gonorrhea Testing Among a National Sample Of Sexual Minority Young Adults

McRee¹,

Esber

Reiter

2015

Perspect Sex Repro H

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“…Sexually active women ages 14-22 years were recruited from an urban children's hospital for a larger study assessing the accuracy and acceptability of self-testing for TV [26,27]. The methods and results of the larger study have been described, and the study was approved by the local Institutional Review Board with a waiver for the requirement of parental permission for those women less than 18 years old.…”

Section: Participants and Study Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acceptability of self-and clinician-testing was assessed at each time point using items from a previously validated survey [27,28]. For the current study, we limited the assessment of acceptability to two items comprising a subscale assessing trust in test results: 1) Do you believe that the other vaginitis test result will be correct for the sample that you (or the clinician) collect?…”

Section: Acceptability/trust Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our prior work we showed that young women could accurately use a POC product developed for use by health professionals to self-test for Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and that acceptability for self-testing improved after experience with self-testing [26,27]. However, it is unknown whether young women can accurately perform self-tests for BV and whether BV self-testing would be acceptable to them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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4. Accuracy and Trust of Self-Testing for Bacterial Vaginosis

Huppert

Bernard

Hesse

et al. 2011

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Purpose: Self-reported behavior has been the cornerstone of measurement in HIV/STD prevention research. To evaluate the accuracy of self-reported sexual behavior, we evaluated selfreported abstinence following participation in an STD/HIV prevention trial and adolescents' acquisition of an incident STD at 6-month intervals over a two-year period post-intervention (i.e., 6-, 12-, 18-and 24-month follow-up assessments). Methods: Data assessing sexual behaviors were collected via self-administered ACASI interviews from 701 African American adolescent females (14-20 years, mean ϭ 17.67 years) prior to participating in a STD/HIV prevention trial. Additionally, adolescents provided self-collected vaginal swabs to assess the prevalence of three STDs. Participants were re-assessed (both selfreport interview and STD testing) at 6-, 12-, 18-and 24-months post-intervention. STD-positive adolescents were treated and received counseling at each time point. Contingency table analyses evaluated concordance between self-reported abstinence over each 6-month follow-up period and STD incidence separately and cumulatively across the 2-year follow-up period. Results: At each follow-up time point approximately 3 to 5% of participants reported abstaining from vaginal sex in the prior 6 months. However, among those reporting abstinence from vaginal sex, 25%, 27.3%, 22.2%, and 6.7% tested positive for an STD at the 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month follow-up assessment, respectively. Cumulatively, across the 2-year follow-up period, 77 sixmonth intervals of self-reported abstinence were reported, and 19.5% of individuals with a self-reported abstinence interval tested positive for a laboratory-confirmed STD. Further, among individuals who reported sexual activity within the same timeframe, approximately 20% tested positive for a laboratory-confirmed STD. Conclusions: Marked discordance was observed between adolescents' self-report of abstinence and their laboratory-confirmed STD incidence. These findings highlight the need to include biological markers to complement adolescents' selfreported sexual behavior and provide an objective and quantifiable marker for evaluating STD/HIV interventions.

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Attitudes and Preferences Regarding Non–Clinic-Based Self-Collection for Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among Clinic Attendees in British Columbia, Canada

et al. 2021

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Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a global epidemic; although screening programs reduce transmission, barriers, including access and stigma, hinder success. The World Health Organization highlights the ability to maintain health without the direct support of a health care provider as one form of self-care, which can be applied to STI testing. Self-care through non-clinic-based self-collection for STI testing can address barriers while providing comprehensive care. Before implementation of innovative changes to screening approaches, it is important to understand if communities who rely on in-person care will self-collect outside of the clinic setting. This study investigated willingness to use non-clinic-based self-collection for STI testing among STI clinic attendees in British Columbia, Canada.Methods: Participants (n = 446) were recruited from STI clinics offering clinic-based self-collection for STI testing and completed a survey assessing self-care attitudes, including willingness to self-collect urine samples, throat swabs, and anogenital swabs outside of the clinic setting. Descriptive statistics, bivariable analyses, and multivariable models were conducted to investigate willingness to use non-clinic-based STI self-collection methods and associated correlates.Results: This population reported high willingness to use non-clinicbased self-collection methods for STI testing (urine samples, 73%; throat swabs, 67%; anogenital swabs, 65%). Those aged 35 to 54 years compared with 15 to 34 years were more likely to be willing (adjusted odds ratio, 1.87; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-3.50); those identifying as straight/mostly straight compared with gay/lesbian were less likely to be willing (adjusted odds ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.65).Conclusions: Non-clinic-based self-collection for STI testing can address barriers to testing while maintaining quality care. Those currently receiving in-person care find these methods highly acceptable. These findings reinforce that self-collection for STI testing used in British Columbia clinics is acceptable to clients and may be extended to collection performed outside of the clinical setting.

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Acceptability of Self-Testing for Trichomoniasis Increases with Experience

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Acceptability of Home-Based Chlamydia And Gonorrhea Testing Among a National Sample Of Sexual Minority Young Adults

Acceptability of Home-Based Chlamydia And Gonorrhea Testing Among a National Sample Of Sexual Minority Young Adults

4. Accuracy and Trust of Self-Testing for Bacterial Vaginosis

Attitudes and Preferences Regarding Non–Clinic-Based Self-Collection for Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among Clinic Attendees in British Columbia, Canada

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