Acceptability of the Social Robot Mini and Attitudes of People with Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Mixed Method Study

Abstract

Background: Social robots are considered a promising solution and support in emotional, mental, and physical areas for people with dementia (PwD) and mild cognitive impairments (MCI). Social robots’ effective adoption and outcome may largely depend on this target group’s attitude and acceptance and should be taken into account since the primary stages of design and development. The present study aims to evaluate the acceptability and attitudes of the PwD and MCI towards the Mini robot and understand their expectations. Methods: A mixed-method study was conducted in a clinical setting, with 22 community-dwelling people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment, aged 68-88 years. During the course of a month, the participants engaged in eight sessions of individual interaction with the robot. Pre- and post-evaluation of acceptability were conducted utilizing the Almere questionnaire. Participants completed semi-structured interviews on their attitudes towards the Mini robot at the end of the study. Results: A total of 22 PwD and MCI completed the study and individually participated in eight sessions of interaction with the Mini robot. The data from the Almere questionnaire showed that people were in favour of the Mini robot and the mean values of the ratings were slightly higher in the post-test, except for the social ‘presence/ personality of the robot/social presence’ construct. A collection of ideas emerged from interview data that revealed acceptance and satisfaction with using the Mini robot in clinical settings. Participants viewed the Mini robot as a delightful companion, particularly for those who live alone, as a wonderful advantage. Although the robot’s features were appreciated, some suggestions for improving the robotic platform were made. Conclusion: This research confirms the Mini robot acceptance and the target population's positive opinion towards interacting with Mini robot in clinical settings. The research presented in this article may provide new insights into improving social robots’ design and suggestions for adjusting the robotics’ features to the users’ desires, needs and preferences.