Access and Affordability of Electricity in Developing Countries

Winkler, Harald; Simões, André Felipe; Rovere, Emı́lio Lebre La; Alam, Md. Kawsar; Rahman, Atiq; Mwakasonda, Stanford

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.02.021

Cited by 182 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The probability of a woman having electricity at home is assumed to be high in districts with high access rates to electricity. The positive coefficient on access rate to electricity is supported by results from previous studies (Davis 1998;Kanagawa and Nakata 2008;Winkler et al 2011). As noted by Winkler et al (2011), access means that "households and businesses in a given area can connect to electricity that is established either by grid or smaller nongrid connected supply."…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The positive coefficient on access rate to electricity is supported by results from previous studies (Davis 1998;Kanagawa and Nakata 2008;Winkler et al 2011). As noted by Winkler et al (2011), access means that "households and businesses in a given area can connect to electricity that is established either by grid or smaller nongrid connected supply." The explanatory variables used to control for other factors that affect electrification of a home are also statistically significant and have their theoretical expected signs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

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Explaining Fertility Variation in Rural Communities: The Role of Electricity in Ghana

2018

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Abstract:We believe the massive rural electrification, which began in 1992, played a significant role in the varying fertility rates across rural Ghana. Rural households with electricity, tend to have fewer children ever born to a woman than households without electricity. Using control function regressions, we identify the contribution of electrification to the rural-rural variation in fertility by exploiting the exogenous variations in the access rate to electricity at the district-level. Our results indicate that electrification contributes to a fall in fertility among rural women by between one and three children. These results are qualitatively similar to results from our two-stage least squares estimations and counterfactual analysis. Although our results may not reflect what happens in other countries, they suggest that electrification reduces fertility and should be considered when examining the costs and benefits of rural electrification programs in developing countries.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Explaining Fertility Variation in Rural Communities: The Role of Electricity in Ghana

2018

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“…Fankhauser / Tepic 2007). To some extent, this is a normatively set number because energy and electricity prices vary greatly and affordability is a politicized concept (Winkler et al 2011); nevertheless, it is a useful guideline. Banerjee and Duflo (2011) show that the poor do not always consciously aim at reducing their poverty by, say, investing in more food when more money is available to them.…”

Section: Efficient Technologies Investment Decisions and Energy Savimentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Energy Efficiency Pro-Poor: Insights from Behavioural Economics for Policy Design

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2014

SSRN Journal

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This paper reviews the current state of behavioural economics and its applications to energy efficiency in developing countries. Taking energy efficient lighting in Ghana, Uganda and Rwanda as empirical examples, this paper develops hypotheses on how behavioural factors can improve energy efficiency policies directed towards poor populations. The key argument is that different types of affordability exist that are influenced by behavioural factors to varying degrees. Using a qualitative approach, this paper finds that social preferences, framing and innovative financing solutions that acknowledge people's mental accounts can provide useful starting points. Behavioural levers are only likely to work in a policy package that addresses wider technical, market and institutional barriers to energy efficiency. More research, carefully designed pre-tests and stakeholder debates are required before introducing policies based on behavioural insights. This is imperative to avoid the dangers of nudging.

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“…Though the progress of rural electrification is on course, there is still a long way to go and further dedicated efforts are required to provide electricity coverage to all people within a reasonable amount of time (IEA, 2010;UN, 2010;Winkler et al, 2011). Rural areas are attributed with many characteristics that makes it more challenging to provide electricity to them compared to urban areas (ARE, 2008;Barnes, 2007).…”

Section: Rural Electrification Status In Bangladesh and Its Position mentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving and hindering factors for rural electrification in developing countries: Lessons from Bangladesh

et al. 2013

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Rural electrification is essential for bringing about social and economic developments, but the progress is distressingly slow in most developing countries. The Bangladesh Rural Electrification Program (BREP) has been highlighted as a positive case among developing countries, but from 2006 onwards there have been doubts about the program's chances of success. In this paper, we examine the rural electrification practices in Bangladesh and evaluate the claim that, whereas they were successful up to 2005, they then began to decline in terms of their performance. This study determines the factors behind the initial success of the program as well as those that account for the recent downturn in BREP. We found that the BREP was a clear success in terms of its growth and progress; however, its performance has been declining since 2006. The key driving factors for the success of this program had to do with prioritizing system investment, community involvement, anti-corruption features, standardized practices and performance-based incentives while excluding political parties. The major issues accounting for the decline were the lack of organizational autonomy, a shortage of funding, unrealistic tariffs,

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Access and Affordability of Electricity in Developing Countries

Cited by 182 publications

References 7 publications

Explaining Fertility Variation in Rural Communities: The Role of Electricity in Ghana

Explaining Fertility Variation in Rural Communities: The Role of Electricity in Ghana

Making Energy Efficiency Pro-Poor: Insights from Behavioural Economics for Policy Design

Driving and hindering factors for rural electrification in developing countries: Lessons from Bangladesh

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