Access network architectural issues for future telecommunication networks

On the Trade-Off between Energy and Multicast Efficiency in 802.16e-Like Mobile Networks

“…In the former, the receiving parties inform the broadcasting node of their exact requirements. This is similar to the models discussed in [5] and [12]. In the latter model, the target is to minimize the average delay of the receiving parties, whose exact requirements cannot be sent to the broadcast station.…”

“…In [5] and [12] the hosts need to inform the broadcasting station before each time frame which data items are needed. It is also assumed that the broadcasting station receives this information asynchronously and processes the requests in the order they arrive.…”

Security enhancement in passive optical networks through wavelength hopping and sequences cycling technique

“…Considering the probability for capturing the correct wavelength sequence in (22), the code matrices have different dimensions (asymmetric), and the number of columns I in C y ml is less than number of columns n in the wavelength grid matrix W^ (l<n). The placement operator for EQC was discussed in section 3.3.1.2 with a restriction on the dimensions on the matrices, and the relation of the asymmetric prime numbers Pu and P s is expressed in (12), (13), and (14).…”

“…The total wavelengths available for hopping are those in the master grid matrix Wf n , or simply ran. In the hopping mode, every time the number of wavelengths used from total available wavelength equal to Ph, which had minimum value restriction placed at m per the relation in (14). In addition, the number of columns in the code matrix C; n/ is expressed, as shown in (14), to be I = 2P S -1.…”

“…In the hopping mode, every time the number of wavelengths used from total available wavelength equal to Ph, which had minimum value restriction placed at m per the relation in (14). In addition, the number of columns in the code matrix C; n/ is expressed, as shown in (14), to be I = 2P S -1. The possible selections of combination sets (CS a ) in the asymmetric case can be expressed similar to that discussed in [92], with modifications to suit the approach in this dissertation as shown in (24), which is different from that for the symmetric TS/WH (Prime/Prime) shown in (19) expressed for the combination set of sequences.…”