Accessibility of Enzymatically DelignifiedBambusa bambosfor Efficient Hydrolysis at Minimum Cellulase Loading: An Optimization Study

Abstract

In the present investigation, Bambusa bambos was used for optimization of enzymatic pretreatment and saccharification. Maximum enzymatic delignification achieved was 84%, after 8 h of incubation time. Highest reducing sugar yield from enzyme-pretreated Bambusa bambos was 818.01 mg/g dry substrate after 8 h of incubation time at a low cellulase loading (endoglucanase, β-glucosidase, exoglucanase, and xylanase were 1.63 IU/mL, 1.28 IU/mL, 0.08 IU/mL, and 47.93 IU/mL, respectively). Enzyme-treated substrate of Bambusa bambos was characterized by analytical techniques such as Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR spectrum showed that the absorption peaks of several functional groups were decreased after enzymatic pretreatment. XRD analysis indicated that cellulose crystallinity of enzyme-treated samples was increased due to the removal of amorphous lignin and hemicelluloses. SEM image showed that surface structure of Bambusa bambos was distorted after enzymatic pretreatment.

Laccases as a Potential Tool for the Efficient Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Review

“…Kuila et al [106,107] explored the use of a laccase from Pleurotus sp. to treat milled materials from Indian Thorny bamboo (Bambusa bambos) and Spanish flag (Lantana camara).…”

“…Better accessibility of hydrolytic enzymes [106,107] Milled material from Ricinus communis Pleurotus sp.…”

Pretreatment strategies for delignification of sugarcane bagasse: a review

“…In comparison with the solid-state fermentation, enzymatic delignification processes demand less incubation time. Kuila et al (2011) reported a maximum delignification of Bambusa bambos of 84% using laccase from Pleurotus sp. at 400 IU/mL after 8h of incubation.…”

Future prospects of delignification pretreatments for the lignocellulosic materials to produce second generation bioethanol

“…The enzymatic mechanism is substrate specific which results in wastage of material, increased reaction rates, and improved delignification efficiency . There are two ways to perform enzymatic delignification: (1) a cell culture supernatant is used which has distinct and discrete ligninolytic activities, and (2) a sole purified and concentrated enzyme solution is used . During the use of ligninolytic enzymes, no nutrient supplementation is required, and these enzymes can work wide ranges of pH (pH 3‐8) and temperatures (25°C‐80°C) .…”

“…Ligninolytic enzymes as shown in Table are successfully used for a number of industrial applications, such as, organic compound manufacturing, polymer reformation, and removal of environmental toxins . The use of laccases to remove lignin was successfully applied to improve enzymatic hydrolysis . In the case of laccase enzyme, a suitable redox mediator must be present to stabilize in its redox states, and it should not inhibit the catalytic activity .…”