Accessing Barriers and Determinants of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) Services at Public Teaching Hospitals in Enugu State, Nigeria

Kate, Umeobieri Ancilla; Chikee, Aniwada Elias; Ikechukwu, Obi Emmanuel; Agunwa, Chuka C.

doi:10.9734/isrr/2019/v8i130093

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“… 18 Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV is our golden opportunity to reduce and eliminate the passing of HIV from the mother to her child because 90% of the total HIV infection in Africa are caused by MTCT. 19 Different kinds of the literature showed that the infrastructures of any health institution’s staffing of facilities and capabilities of its staff, adequate and ventilated rooms for privacy, the policy environment in which care is delivered, and the availability of resources of the institution should be fulfilled and be monitored closely. 20–23 To overcome these problems, several strategic plans should be investigated in the form of evaluation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Evaluation of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Service at Gondar City Administration Governmental Health Facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Mixed Approach Case Study Evaluation Design

Terefe¹,

Kebede²,

Muche³

2021

HIV

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Introduction Mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT), or vertical transmission of HIV, is one mode of HIV transmission from mother to baby during pregnancy, delivery and after childbirth. The continuation of new pediatric HIV infection due to the improper prevention of MTCT is a challenge in developing countries; however, the program is not evaluated yet in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the process of PMTCT service implementation status. Objective This evaluation study evaluated the implementation of process levels and identified problems of PMTCT service at Gondar city administration governmental health facilities. Methods A case study evaluation design with a mixed method was conducted from March to May 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and document review, observation, and key informant interviews. Collected data were entered using EPI data version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results The study found that, generally, the PMTCT program implementation was complying with the Ethiopian national guidelines by 78.32%. All facilities had most of the minimum required resources recommended by the guidelines by 75%. The services required to be provided by the facilities were highly accommodated by 90.18%, acceptable by 77.2%, with 78% compliance. Trained human resources and continuous supply of material are the main gaps. Conclusion The overall level of program implementation was judged to be good. However, there is a need for improvements such as ensuring the privacy of counselling rooms, availability of human, test kits, guidelines, beds, waiting areas, drugs, and refresher training for provider. Also, counsellors should record properly the services provided to clients in their cards, such as counselling sessions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Evaluation of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Service at Gondar City Administration Governmental Health Facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Mixed Approach Case Study Evaluation Design

Terefe¹,

Kebede²,

Muche³

2021

HIV

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“…The health practitioners' negative attitudes toward mothers after missing an appointment added to their reluctance to return. Negative attitudes of health care workers have been reported as an adherence barrier in other studies in Sub-Saharan Africa (Kate et al, 2019; Mbeya Munkhondya et al, 2021; Nkwabong et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…return. Negative attitudes of health care workers have been reported as an adherence barrier in other studies in Sub-Saharan Africa (Kate et al, 2019;Mbeya Munkhondya et al, 2021;Nkwabong et al, 2018).…”

Section: The Need For Flexible Health Facility Accessmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Contributing factors include lack of awareness of HIV status in women of reproductive age, not being on HIV treatment during pregnancy, lack of access to health care services, poverty, and high adolescent pregnancy rates (UNAIDS, 2021) and poor spousal/ partner involvement (Mabunda et al, 2021;Nyandat & Van Rensburg, 2020). Routine "opt-out" testing for all pregnant women, a global strategy to improve case discovery and reduce the risk of transmission once ART is commenced (Kate et al, 2019), has had mixed prenatal care uptake in sub-Saharan Africa (Awopegba et al, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Experiences of Mothers Living With HIV in a South African Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Programme: A Qualitative Descriptive Study

Velapi¹,

Mayers²,

Frantz³

2022

J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care

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More than 90% of all HIV infections in children result from mother to child transmission. Elimination of mother-child transmission is a global priority and vital for the improvement of child survival in high-burden, limited resource settings. Retention in HIV care is vital to reduce transmission risk. This qualitative study explored the experiences and adherence challenges of mothers living with HIV of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programme in Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa. Interviews were conducted with purposively selected participants enrolled in a PMTCT programme at a primary care facility. Thematic analysis generated six themes. Findings demonstrate the complexity of living as a woman with HIV in a socioeconomically disadvantaged and marginalized periurban community. For each woman, there is a set of concerns relating to person, home, community, and clinic which may affect her understanding, acceptance of, and adherence to the PMTCT programme.

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“…Wachira et al showed that disclosure of the HIV-positive status for both mothers and children was associated with stigma based on family opinions and conflict, resulting in non-enrollment of children. [ 11 ] Similarly, several researchers [ 21 , 24 , 25 ] have documented stigma and discrimination as significant barriers to accessing HIV services among children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with low antiretroviral therapy enrollment of children in the Simiyu region: A cross-sectional Creswell mixed-methods sequential explanatory design

et al. 2023

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Despite substantial antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage in other groups with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Tanzania, there is a progressive decline in ART enrollment among HIV-infected children. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the enrollment of children with HIV in ART and to identify an effective, sustainable intervention to address children’s ART care enrollment. To achieve this, we conducted a cross-sectional study using a mixed-method sequential explanatory design, including children with HIV aged 2 to 14 years in the Simiyu region. Stata™ and NVIVO™ software were used to perform quantitative and qualitative data analyses, respectively. In the quantitative analyses, we considered 427 children, with a mean age of 8.54 ± 3.54 years and a median age of 3 years (interquartile range: 1–6 years). The mean length of ART initiation delay was 3.71 ± 3.21 years. Additionally, independent child enrollment predictors included distance to the facility (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.14–9.58), caregivers’ income (AOR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.07–0.43), and fear of stigma (AOR: 3.43; 95% CI: 1.14–10.35). In qualitative analyses, 36 respondents reported that stigma, distance, and lack of HIV-positive status disclosure to their fathers were causes for low enrollment in ART. Overall, this study demonstrated that a caregiver’s income, distance to obtain HIV care services, HIV-positive status non-disclosure to the father, and fear of stigma played a significant role in children’s enrollment in HIV care. As such, HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome programs would benefit from having intensive interventions to address distance, such as scaling up care and treatment centers, as well as techniques to reduce stigma in the population.

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Accessing Barriers and Determinants of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) Services at Public Teaching Hospitals in Enugu State, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Process Evaluation of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Service at Gondar City Administration Governmental Health Facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Mixed Approach Case Study Evaluation Design

Process Evaluation of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Service at Gondar City Administration Governmental Health Facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: A Mixed Approach Case Study Evaluation Design

Experiences of Mothers Living With HIV in a South African Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Programme: A Qualitative Descriptive Study

Factors associated with low antiretroviral therapy enrollment of children in the Simiyu region: A cross-sectional Creswell mixed-methods sequential explanatory design

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