Accessory lobes of the liver: A report of 3 cases and review of the literature

Wang, Chenglin; Cheng, Lin; Zhang, Ziqin; Xie, Ting; Ding, Heyu; Deng, Q. H.; Yuan, Zhidong

doi:10.5582/irdr.2012.v1.2.86

Cited by 31 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Patients with uncomplicated ALL are usually asymptomatic but may occasionally present with acute or recurrent abdominal pain, precordial pain, nausea, vomiting or fluctuating impaired liver function [6, 7]. The clinical manifestation of an ALL depend on the complications, such as torsion, trauma, rupture, or infarction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right Iliac fossa pain due to torsion and ischaemia of accessory liver lobe

Al-Anwar

Askari

Alvi

2019

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

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An accessory liver lobe (ALL) is the presence of ectopic hepatic tissue which has developed as a result of excessive hepatic development. The majority of patients with ALL remain asymptomatic and their findings are incidental, either after undergoing radiological imaging or during surgery for other pathology. However, in a small number of patients who have a pedunculated ALL, torsion of the lobe on its axis can cause pain, often due to ischaemia of the lobe. We report a 26-year-old female who presented with right iliac fossa pain mimicking acute appendicitis and preceded by recent vigorous exercising activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right Iliac fossa pain due to torsion and ischaemia of accessory liver lobe

Al-Anwar

Askari

Alvi

2019

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

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“…[23] Currently, there are two hypotheses of the mechanism of an AHL: (i) The embryonic liver curls outward and forms an accessory lobe during the embryonic stage of development or (ii) an accessory lobe arises from intra-abdominal hypertension caused by the development of the tunica muscularis recti and the enlargement of the liver. [4] An accessory liver is adjacent and attached to the liver by its own mesentery while an ectopic liver is one that is completely detached from the normal liver parenchyma. Older literature has described four types of accessory liver: Big AHL (>30 g), small AHL (<30 g), ectopic lobe with no liver connection, and microscopic accessory lobe in the gall bladder wall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, an increasing number of patients with AHL are diagnosed in the early stages or before surgery due to rapid advances in medical imaging equipment. [4] Symptomatic AHL has been reported in neonates, as well as in patients presenting late in the third decade of life, commonly from torsion. [36] The usual presentation is an acute abdomen, with right upper quadrant pain, with or without a palpable mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torsion of accessory hepatic lobe

Natarajan

Jayasudha

Periasamy

et al. 2017

J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg

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“…[1] These lesions result from embryologic heteroplasia which may be congenital or acquired. [2] They are classified as accessory liver lobes when connected to the liver by a stalk and as ectopic liver tissue when there is no connection. Reports of ectopic liver are rare although this entity has been reported in the thorax, lung, gallbladder, pancreas, umbilicus, adrenals, pylorus, and inferior vena cava.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[134] In the abdomen, patients rarely manifest physical complaints, unless complications occur, such as torsion, bleeding, or obstruction. [256]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unexpected diagnosis of ectopic liver diagnosed by fine needle aspiration

2016

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The differential diagnosis of perigastric masses is broad, ranging from benign to malignant entities. Among the benign entities, accessory liver lobes and ectopic liver are unusual and often incidentally discovered. Here, we report a patient with malignant melanoma who was clinically suspected to have a perigastric metastasis or a gastrointestinal stromal tumor but was ultimately diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA) to have benign ectopic liver. A 47-year-old male was diagnosed with malignant melanoma of the scalp in May 2015 at a tertiary care hospital. He was found to have a 2.6 cm enhancing mass adjacent to the fundus of the stomach and below the diaphragm by computed tomography imaging. To exclude metastasis, the patient was referred to endoscopy, and an endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNA was performed with rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) by a cytopathologist. A relatively new FNA needle (Shark Core) was used, which produced useful core biopsy material. Cytopathology demonstrated flat sheets, single cells, and small clusters of polygonal cells. There was abundant granular cytoplasm, often containing pigment. Cells lacked pleomorphism. The smear findings appeared consistent with hepatocytes. The cell block demonstrated small core fragments of hepatic parenchyma with portal tracts. Immunohistochemistry for arginase-1 confirmed that this was hepatic tissue. ROSE was useful for communicating with the endoscopist that the mass was both far from, and not connected to, the liver. This is the first documented account of perigastric ectopic liver diagnosed by FNA. This entity should be considered in the differential of perigastric masses.

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Accessory lobes of the liver: A report of 3 cases and review of the literature

Cited by 31 publications

References 35 publications

Right Iliac fossa pain due to torsion and ischaemia of accessory liver lobe

Right Iliac fossa pain due to torsion and ischaemia of accessory liver lobe

Torsion of accessory hepatic lobe

An unexpected diagnosis of ectopic liver diagnosed by fine needle aspiration

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