Accessory mental foramen: an anatomical study on dry mandibles and review of the literature

Paraskevas, George; Mavrodi, Alexandra; Natsis, Konstantinos

doi:10.1007/s10006-014-0474-1

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Our study revealed an incidence of 5.6% of a double MF, a very near finding to Paraskevas et al [22] results also performed in a Greek population. The MF duplication is explained taking into consideration the MN separation into several fasciculi earlier than MF formation up to the 12 th gestational week [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…During several surgical procedures, such as genioplasty, mandibular rehabilitation after trauma, root resection of mandibular premolars, dental implants placement and orthognathic procedures, oral and maxillofacial surgeon should be aware of the possibility to encounter an atypically placed MF in the mental area in order to prevent the MN and adjacent blood vessels damage and the resulting postoperative paraesthesia, hypoesthesia, hyperaesthesia, dysaesthesia, or anaesthesia of the teeth, the lower lip, or surrounding skin and mucosa [11,22,35]. The resulting oedema after such compression [24,30] or the haematoma formation (intraneural blood vessels trauma) [32] may also lead to a prolonged and possibly permanent change in sensation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MF morphology, morphometry and location extensively studying in dry mandibles or by using radiographies [1,3] were affected by the gender, the age and the race [40]. The MF also presents variability, as regards its form (single, double or triple) and shape (round, oblong, slit-like and irregular shape) [22], its bilateral location among the same and different populations and its unilateral location among different populations [11]. The MF location is an important factor when considering the mental and incisive anaesthetic block and surgeries in the outer premolar mandibular region [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The position of the mental foramen in dentate and edentulous mandibles: clinical and surgical relevance

Charalampakis¹,

G²,

Psari³

et al. 2017

Folia Morphol

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Background: The knowledge of the exact location of the mental foramen (MF) in dentate and edentulous mandibles is clinically important when constructing complete dentures, performing anaesthetic block of the lower-anterior teeth area and intervening in the MF nearby area. In edentulous mandibles, the bone resorption after teeth loss makes the mental nerve (MN) prone to damage due to the extreme location of the MF very close to the alveolar crest (AC). Chronic compression on the MN may result in pain in the area of MN distribution (ipsilateral face and cheek area) and numbness at the lower lip. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the exact position of the MF, calculating the distances MF-superior border of the AC and MF-inferior border of the mandible (IBM) in (p = 0.39 and p = 0.45). Conclusions:The MF is an important landmark and its location needs to be considered prior to dental implants placement in order to avoid the MN injury and related complications. The position of MF is altered in edentulous mandibles compared with the dentate ones. The MF is a symmetric structure in Greeks. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 4: 709-714)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The position of the mental foramen in dentate and edentulous mandibles: clinical and surgical relevance

Charalampakis¹,

G²,

Psari³

et al. 2017

Folia Morphol

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“…To date, there has been significant interest in the course of the mandibular canal, so as to avoid injury to the critical neurovascular structures within. Consideration of the AMF is highly important during many aspects of clinical dentistry such as local anesthesia and oral surgery, for example, implant, periodontal and endodontic surgery, in order to avoid postoperative sensory disturbances or hemorrhage, which may lead to an unfavorable outcome of the planned treatment (Naitoh et al, ; Cantekin and Şekerci, ; Imada et al, ; Muinelo‐Lorenzo et al, ; Paraskevas et al, ; Torres et al, ; Iwanaga et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Accessory Mental Foramina: A Study of 4,000 CBCT Scans

et al. 2019

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The presence of accessory mental foramina (AMF) is an important consideration prior to any dental implant and surgical treatment to avoid injury to the neurovascular bundle and subsequent postoperative complications. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of AMF from a substantially large sample of the Australian population. The cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 4,000 patients showing the mandible were examined. All mental foramen (MF) were visualized and no cases were excluded. The number of MF/AMF, sex, and age were recorded. The prevalence of AMF was found to be 6.4% (254 patients) in this study. Twelve patients exhibited bilateral AMF, and 11 had three mental foramina on one side. One case had a total of five mental foramina with three on the right and two on the left side. No significant sex preference was discovered. This is the largest study ever to be conducted to evaluate the prevalence of AMF. With nearly one in 15 individuals found to have AMF, clinicians must be acutely aware of this anatomical variation and treatment plan for each case accordingly. Clin. Anat. 32:1048–1052, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…5 The presence and variations of accessory mental foramen is also reported by different researchers. 6,7 Mental foramen is an important landmark at the time of surgical intervention in the mental region of mandible and during local anesthesia. The knowledge of the position of MF is also important for endodontics (root canal treatment and apiecetomy), implant placement, fracture reduction and orthognathic surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric analysis of mental foramen in human dry mandibles of nepalese population

Kadel

Sedhain²,

Dangol

2016

Asian J Med Sci

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Background: Mental foramina are located bilaterally in the antero-lateral aspect of the body of mandible. It transmits mental nerve, and vessels. The location, shape, size, direction and number of mental foramen in human mandibles are subject of variation. The knowledge of it is applicable in endodontics, surgery and anesthesia. Aims and Objective: To establish the location, shape, size, direction and incidence of mental foramen (MF) in dry human mandibles of Nepalese population. Materials and Methods: One hundred dry human mandibles of unknown age and sex were selected randomly. Shape, size, position of MF with respect to tooth and other anatomical landmark were determined. Paired t-test was used for specific statistical analysis. Results: In most cases (61%), the MF was oval in shape & situated below the apex of second premolar (58% on right side and 69% on left side). Various parameters investigated were, the horizontal distance between (1) base of mandible and MF was 12.24 mm on right and 12.26 mm on the left, (2) alveolar margin and MF was 13.95 mm on right and13.75 mm on left (3) symphysis menti of mandible and MF was 26.71 mm on right and 26.49 mm on left, (4) posterior border of mandible and MF was 65.34 mm on right and 65.68mm on left. Conclusion: By the knowledge of position, shape, size, direction and distance of the mental foramen from various landmarks and the presence of the accessory foramen may be of much use to dental surgeons.

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Accessory mental foramen: an anatomical study on dry mandibles and review of the literature

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

The position of the mental foramen in dentate and edentulous mandibles: clinical and surgical relevance

The position of the mental foramen in dentate and edentulous mandibles: clinical and surgical relevance

Prevalence of Accessory Mental Foramina: A Study of 4,000 CBCT Scans

Morphometric analysis of mental foramen in human dry mandibles of nepalese population

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