Accident modeling of toxic gas-containing flammable gas release and explosion on an offshore platform

Yang, Dongdong; Chen, Guo-Ming; Dai, Ziliang

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2020.104118

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Compared with another study, the H 2 S leakage is conducted on an offshore platform 11 . From their research, the H 2 S dispersion at the initial 30 s shows a rapid increase in H 2 S concentration near the leakage point.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Compared with another study, the H 2 S leakage is conducted on an offshore platform. 11 From their research, the H 2 S dispersion at the initial 30 s shows a rapid increase in H 2 S concentration near the leakage point. However, after 30 s, the concentration of H 2 S started to reduce due to the influence of the open-air wind speed at the platform.…”

Section: Dispersion Analysis Of H 2 S Via Cfdmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Currently, there has been no research conducted on the consequences of such instances. Multiple studies [10][11][12] have been undertaken to investigate the dispersion of toxic gases, including chlorine, ammonia, and other dangerous gases. The primary emphasis of this research is the dispersion of harmful gases in the event of a hypothetical accidental discharge due to the possible occurrence of CO 2 solidification during blowdown within the operational vicinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dispersion evaluation of hydrogen sulfide inclusion in a cryogenic distillation pilot plant

Mohd Shukor,

Omar,

Abdul Hamid

et al. 2024

Process Safety Progress

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A risk analysis simulation was completed for a cryogenic distillation (Cryo‐D) pilot operation processing a natural gas feed stream containing H2S. This study placed significant H2S concentration inside the Cryo‐D and evaluated its dispersion after a simulated leak within the pilot plant. Sensitivity analysis using an in‐house process simulation identified the operating conditions that caused the highest surroundings H2S concentration. A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) dispersion simulation assessed H2S leakage at the bottom column section and its effects on operators. A case with 60 bar column pressure, −30°C inlet temperature and 10% H2S input gas had the highest mass flow rate of 4.74 kg/h H2S through a leak. Leaked H2S covers 50% of the building within 60 s. Within 120 s, H2S accumulates toward the column bottom. At 120 s, most operators are exposed to above 1000 ppm H2S, which may cause fatalities instantly. Recommendations include enhancing the ventilation of the building by installing ventilation near the base of the cryogenic column in order to lessen the exposure concentration. In conclusion, H2S leakage from an indoor Cryo‐D pilot plant can cause catastrophic consequences due to its rapid dispersion and accumulation throughout the building.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Dispersion Analysis Of H 2 S Via Cfdmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dispersion evaluation of hydrogen sulfide inclusion in a cryogenic distillation pilot plant

Mohd Shukor,

Omar,

Abdul Hamid

et al. 2024

Process Safety Progress

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“…Proses güvenliği literatüründe; sızıntı ve patlamaların meydana gelme frekanslarının oldukça yüksek majör potansiyel kazalar olduğu vurgulanmaktadır [2]. Ayrıca olası sonuçlarını tahmin edebilmek ve proaktif önlemler alabilmek için yoğun çaba sarf edilmektedir [3,4]. [20].…”

Section: Giriş (Introduction)unclassified

Türkiye’de bir LPG dolum terminali için buhar bulutu patlama riskinin sonuç analizi yaklaşımı ile değerlendirilmesi

Çalık,

Kadırgan,

Çiftçioğlu

2024

Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi

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Bu çalışmada; Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren bir LPG (sıvılaştırılmış Propan gazı) dolum tesisinde, Temmuz 2017 tarihinde yaşanan yaklaşık 15 dakikalık bir ramak-kala LPG dispersiyonu kayıtlarına dayanılarak, ALOHA© (Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres v.5.4.4) ve MARPLOT haritalama yazılımları üzerinden bir “Sonuç Analizi Modelleme” çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Patlama simülasyonu sonucu meydana gelen aşırıbasınç (Ps; Pascal) dalgasının; seçilen hasas lokasyonlarda canlı, yapı ve tesis ekipmanları üzerinde oluşturacağı hasar olasılıkları Probit(olasılık) fonksiyonları ile değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm LPG buhar bulutu patlama senaryoları için üç tür zarar görebilirlik(hasar) türü belirlenmiştir. Bu hasar türleri; “Yapıların Yıkılması”, “Yapı Hasarı Kaynaklı Ciddi Yaralanma veya Ölüm” ve “Camların Parçalanması” şeklinde tanımlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre; 15 dakika (daha önce yaşanan ramak-kala LPG dispersiyon süresi) boyunca S-01(1,7 mm: çok küçük sızıntı delik çapı), S-02(5,5 mm: küçük sızıntı delik çapı), S-03(22,4 mm: orta sızıntı delik çapı) senaryolarında oluşan LPG buhar bulutu kütlesinin patlaması ile oluşacak hasar canlı ve yapılar üzerinde sınırlı bir etkiye sahip iken (patlama noktasına olan mesafe ve gaz dispersiyon yönüne bağlı etkiler), tank çiftliğinde domino etkisi sonucu daha büyük patlama olaylarına sebebiyet verebileceği öngörülmektedir. S-04 senaryosu için yakın mesafedeki lokasyonlarda “Camların Parçalanması” riski söz konusudur. (A: Tesis içi kumanda odası %99, B: Komşu tesis idari bina %99) S-05 senaryo sonucuna göre; patlayabilir buhar bulutu kütlesindeki artışa paralel olarak ölüm ve yapısal yıkım olasılığı yakın lokasyonlar için %76 ve %90 seviyelerine çıkmaktadır.

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“…For example, Zhuang et al, [11] utilized the CFD to study the gaseous contaminant's diffusivity in the indoor environment. Yang et al, [12] used CFD simulations to analyze the impact of both flammability and toxicity in an offshore platform. The effectiveness of physical barriers [13], water curtains [14], and gas detector placement [15] can also be evaluated through three-dimensional CFD modeling of flammable and toxic gas dispersion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and Numerical Study on The Effect of Ambient Temperature Towards Gas Dispersion in Indoor Environment using CFD approach

Juffry

Kamarudin

Adom

et al. 2023

ARFMTS

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The usage of harmful chemical gas and natural gas has been increasing rapidly which increase the risk of gas leakage incident to occur especially in the indoor environment. It is important to learn the gas dispersal behavior in order to mitigate the casualty caused by gas leakage. In addition, one of the factors that contribute to the dispersion of gas is temperature. This paper focuses to study the role of ambient temperature toward gas dispersion in an indoor environment by looking at the theoretical and numerical knowledge of gas diffusion's relationship with temperature. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been utilized to simulate gas dispersion at different ambient temperature levels in an indoor environment. This study released ethanol vapor to simulate gas dispersion at 5°C, 25°C, and 40°C of ambient temperature to observe the way gas distribute in the indoor environment. Both results from the theoretical calculation and simulation were compared. The result indicates that the gas diffusivity has an increment of 3.5% for every 5°C increment of the temperature. This causes the gas to diffuse rapidly in the warm air compared to the cool air. This paper also finds out that when the initial ambient temperature which is 5°C, was increased to 25°C and 40°C it causes the spread distance of the gas increased by 13.75% and 32.50% respectively.

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Accident modeling of toxic gas-containing flammable gas release and explosion on an offshore platform

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Dispersion evaluation of hydrogen sulfide inclusion in a cryogenic distillation pilot plant

Dispersion evaluation of hydrogen sulfide inclusion in a cryogenic distillation pilot plant

Türkiye’de bir LPG dolum terminali için buhar bulutu patlama riskinin sonuç analizi yaklaşımı ile değerlendirilmesi

Theoretical and Numerical Study on The Effect of Ambient Temperature Towards Gas Dispersion in Indoor Environment using CFD approach

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