Acclimation of methane emissions from rice paddy fields to straw addition

Jiang, Yu; Qian, Haoyu; Huang, Shan; Zhang, Xingyue; Wang, Ling; Zhang, Li; Shen, Mingxing; Xiao, Xiaoping; Chen, Fu; Zhang, Hailin; Lu, Chang; Li, Chao; Zhang, Jun; Deng, Aixing; Groenigen, Kees Jan van; Zhang, Weijian

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aau9038

Cited by 150 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Although SI significantly reduced the impact of UV‐B radiation on CH 4 emissions from rice fields, it is not certain that the change of CH 4 emissions from long‐term SI can be determined. Long‐term SI can increase soil carbon content and may reduce the input of fertilizer nitrogen 67 . Due to the complexity of the effects of UV‐B radiation on the process of soil carbon conversion and GHG emissions, our understanding of this is still limited, and further studies are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UV‐B radiation on soil carbon conversion and greenhouse gas emission in paddy soil

Liang

et al. 2020

Greenhouse Gases

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This paper evaluates the relationship between ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-315 nm) radiation enhancement on the earth's surface caused by ozone attenuation and climate change. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the paddy soil with rice straw incorporation (SI). The paddy soil was sampled from the Yuanyang Terrace, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. There were four treatments: natural light (control check, CK), 5.0 kJ•m −2 UV-B radiation (UVB), SI, and SI + UVB. The effects of UV-B radiation (5.0 kJ•m −2) on straw degradation, soil carbon invertase activity, active organic carbon content, and GHG emissions were studied. The results showed that UV-B radiation promoted the degradation of straw components (lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and water-soluble phenol). The SI treatment significantly increased the activity of soil carbon invertase (P < 0.05), the content of soil active organic carbon (P < 0.05), and the emission rates and amounts of GHGs (P < 0.05). Compared to the SI treatment, SI + UVB treatment reduced soil carbon invertase activity and active organic carbon content, resulting in a 17% reduction in CH 4 emission and a 40% and 16% increase in CO 2 and N 2 O emission (P < 0.05), but had no significant effect on the global warming potential (GWP). Correlation analysis showed that the degradation rate of straw components was positively correlated with the activity of carbon invertase, the contents of microbial biomass carbon (MBC), easily oxidized organic carbon (EOC), and the CO 2 emission rate; the activities of sucrase and cellulase were positively correlated with the contents of MBC and EOC, which were in turn positively correlated with the emission rates of CH 4 and CO 2. Under SI, UV-B radiation reduced the soil carbon conversion, which led to a decreased CH 4 emission and increased emissions of CO 2 and N 2 O, but did not alter the GWP of GHGs from the paddy soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UV‐B radiation on soil carbon conversion and greenhouse gas emission in paddy soil

Liang

et al. 2020

Greenhouse Gases

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“…However, long-term straw application can increase SOC stock, which might further offset the negative effect of straw application, due to increased CH 4 emission [33]. For example, straw application increased SOC content by 20-30% in the longterm straw application field [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of straw incorporation on methane emission in rice paddy: conversion factor and smart straw management

et al. 2019

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Straw incorporation is strongly recommended in rice paddy to improve soil quality and mitigate atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2), via increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stock. However, straw application significantly increased methane (CH 4) emission during rice cultivation, and then its incorporation area was not expanded effectively. To find the reasonable straw management practice which can reduce CH 4 emission without productivity damage, the effect of straw incorporation season and method on CH 4 emission was investigated at six different textured paddy fields in South Korea for 2 years. A straw was applied right after rice harvesting in autumn, and the other right before rice transplanting in spring. In the autumn application, straw was applied with two different methods: spreading over soil surface or mixing with soil. Straw application significantly increased seasonal CH 4 flux by average 28-122% over 197-590 kg CH 4 ha −1 of the no-straw, but its flux showed big difference among straw applications. Fresh straw application before transplanting increased seasonal CH 4 flux by approximately 120% over the no-straw, but the autumn application reduced its CH 4 flux by 24-43% over 509-1407 kg CH 4 ha −1 of the spring application. In particular, the seasonal CH 4 flux was approximately 24% lower in straw mixing with soil after autumn harvesting than 423-855 kg CH 4 ha −1 in straw spreading over surface. However, CH 4 fluxes were not significantly discriminated by soil and meteorological properties in the selected condition. Straw application slightly increased rice grain yield by approximately 4% over the no-straw, but rice productivity was not statistically different among straw applications. Spring straw application increased CH 4 intensity which means seasonal CH 4 flux per grain yield by the maximum 220% over the no-straw. Autumn straw application significantly decreased CH 4 intensity by average 24-65% over the spring straw application. In particular, CH 4 intensity in straw mixing with soil treatment was not statistically different with the no-straw. Therefore, autumn straw application with mixing inner soil could be a reasonable straw management practice to decrease CH 4 emission impact with improving soil productivity.

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“…Environmental conditions and management practices are known to affect CH 4 emissions, including water management, rice cultivars, and straw management (Hussain et al, ; Jiang, Qian, Huang, et al, ; Linquist et al, ; Yan et al, ). To test whether any of these factors affected the response of CH 4 emissions to eCO 2 , we collected the following information for each experiment: the degree of CO 2 enrichment, that is, ΔCO 2 (ppmV), mean temperature during the rice growing season (°C), experimental condition (indoor or field), facility used for CO 2 fertilization (growth chamber, open top chamber, or free‐air CO 2 enrichment), soil organic C (g/kg), water management (continuous flooding or noncontinuous flooding), rice cultivar ( japonica rice or indica rice), inorganic N input rate (kg/ha), straw management (i.e., with or without straw incorporation), and experimental duration (year).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower‐than‐expected CH₄ emissions from rice paddies with rising CO₂ concentrations

Qian

Huang

Chen

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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Elevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2) generally increases carbon input in rice paddy soils and stimulates the growth of methane‐producing microorganisms. Therefore, eCO2 is widely expected to increase methane (CH4) emissions from rice agriculture, a major source of anthropogenic CH4. Agricultural practices strongly affect CH4 emissions from rice paddies as well, but whether these practices modulate effects of eCO2 is unclear. Here we show, by combining a series of experiments and meta‐analyses, that whereas eCO2 strongly increased CH4 emissions from paddies without straw incorporation, it tended to reduce CH4 emissions from paddy soils with straw incorporation. Our experiments also identified the microbial processes underlying these results: eCO2 increased methane‐consuming microorganisms more strongly in soils with straw incorporation than in soils without straw, with the opposite pattern for methane‐producing microorganisms. Accounting for the interaction between CO2 and straw management, we estimate that eCO2 increases global CH4 emissions from rice paddies by 3.7%, an order of magnitude lower than previous estimates. Our results suggest that the effect of eCO2 on CH4 emissions from rice paddies is smaller than previously thought and underline the need for judicious agricultural management to curb future CH4 emissions.

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Acclimation of methane emissions from rice paddy fields to straw addition

Abstract: The effects of straw incorporation on CH4 emissions from rice fields decrease over time, due to increased CH4 consumption in soil.

Cited by 150 publications

References 60 publications

Effects of UV‐B radiation on soil carbon conversion and greenhouse gas emission in paddy soil

Effects of UV‐B radiation on soil carbon conversion and greenhouse gas emission in paddy soil

Effect of straw incorporation on methane emission in rice paddy: conversion factor and smart straw management

Lower‐than‐expected CH₄ emissions from rice paddies with rising CO₂ concentrations

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Acclimation of methane emissions from rice paddy fields to straw addition

Abstract: The effects of straw incorporation on CH4 emissions from rice fields decrease over time, due to increased CH4 consumption in soil.

Cited by 150 publications

References 60 publications

Effects of UV‐B radiation on soil carbon conversion and greenhouse gas emission in paddy soil

Effects of UV‐B radiation on soil carbon conversion and greenhouse gas emission in paddy soil

Effect of straw incorporation on methane emission in rice paddy: conversion factor and smart straw management

Lower‐than‐expected CH4 emissions from rice paddies with rising CO2 concentrations

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Resources

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Lower‐than‐expected CH₄ emissions from rice paddies with rising CO₂ concentrations