Accommodation and binocular vision changes after wearing orthokeratology lens in 8- to 14-year-old myopic children

Song, Yutong; Zhu, Shengli; Yang, Bi; Wang, Xue; Ma, Wei; Dong, Guangjing; Liu, Longqian

doi:10.1007/s00417-021-05106-2

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Currently all the existing theoretical hypotheses that the ortho-k lens controls myopia progression, such as the retinal peripheral defocus theory ( Gardner et al, 2015 ; Smith et al, 2020 ), the aberration theory ( Hiraoka et al, 2015 ; Zhang X. et al, 2020 ; Lau et al, 2020 ), and the accommodation theory ( Batres et al, 2020 ; Song et al, 2021 ), are based on the change of the corneal shape or reduction of the refractive error after ortho-k lens wear. The biomechanical interaction between the lens and the cornea or the entire eyeball is vitally important in the course of ortho-k treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biomechanical Response of the Cornea in Orthokeratology

Fang

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Orthokeratology has been widely used to control myopia, but the mechanism is still unknown. To further investigate the underlying mechanism of corneal reshaping using orthokeratology lenses via the finite element method, numerical models with different corneal curvatures, corneal thicknesses, and myopia reduction degrees had been developed and validated to simulate the corneal response and quantify the changes in maximum stress in the central and peripheral corneal areas during orthokeratology. The influence of the factors on corneal response had been analyzed by using median quantile regression. A partial eta squared value in analysis of variance models was established to compare the effect size of these factors. The results showed central and peripheral corneal stress responses changed significantly with increased myopia reduction, corneal curvature, and corneal thickness. The target myopia reduction had the greatest effect on the central corneal stress value (partial eta square = 0.9382), followed by corneal curvature (partial eta square = 0.5650) and corneal thickness (partial eta square = 0.1975). The corneal curvature had the greatest effect on the peripheral corneal stress value (partial eta square = 0.5220), followed by myopia reduction (partial eta square = 0.2375) and corneal thickness (partial eta square = 0.1972). In summary, the biomechanical response of the cornea varies significantly with the change in corneal conditions and lens designs. Therefore, the orthokeratology lens design and the lens fitting process should be taken into consideration in clinical practice, especially for patients with high myopia and steep corneas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biomechanical Response of the Cornea in Orthokeratology

Fang

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“… 10 , 11 , 12 Some researchers observed that accommodative accuracy improved after OK treatment and proposed that it plays a role in myopia control by reducing hyperopic defocus. 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 However, there are no longitudinal studies to explore the possible effects of these accommodative changes on myopia control in OK‐treated eyes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The associations of accommodation and aberrations in myopia control with orthokeratology

Ding

Chen

et al. 2021

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of orthokeratology (OK) on accommodative function and aberrations, to explore the correlations between them and determine what role they play in myopia control. Methods:In this prospective case-controlled study, 61 children were divided into an OK (n = 30) and a single-vision spectacles (SVS) (n = 31) group. Accommodation and ocular wavefront aberrations in the OK group were measured at baseline and after 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of OK wear, and again at 1 month after stopping OK (13 th month). The same procedure was performed in the SVS group at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months. Axial length (AL), accommodative lag area and aberrations including spherical aberration (SA), coma and total higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were analysed.Results: During OK wear, the accommodative lag area at each visit was lower than the baseline level (all p < 0.01); all aberrations at each visit were higher than pretreatment (all p < 0.001). After 1 month of OK treatment, changes in accommodative lag area and SA did not show significant correlation (p = 0.16), but after OK cessation these changes were correlated (p = 0.01). In the OK group, multivariate regression analysis showed changes in accommodative lag area were associated with AL progression in the first 6 months but not in the 1-year analysis. For the SVS group, there were no significant changes in the accommodative lag area or any aberrations during the study period.Conclusions: Increased HOAs and improved accommodative accuracy were observed during OK treatment, but began to regress after the cessation of OK. A significant positive correlation between improved accommodative accuracy and slowed axial elongation was only observed during the first 6 months of treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have shown that binocular vision changes after wearing orthokeratology lenses or multifocal soft contact lenses [8][9][10]. For example, the fusional range decreases [8], and ocular alignment shows an exophoric shift [8][9][10]. In these studies, subjects were always visually healthy with stable binocular vision; however, clinical concerns have been raised about whether those interventions can also be applied to children with abnormal binocular vision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies proved that the positive fusional vergence (PFV) and fusion reserve ratio were correlated with the ability to maintain ocular alignment [13][14][15], and PFV was lower in IXT than in visually normal children [16,17], which could make it difficult for the fusional maintenance system to control ocular deviation. Since contact lenses for myopia control may influence the vergence and fusion systems in normal myopic children [8][9][10], therefore, it is worth exploring whether specialized spectacle lenses for myopia control will also affect binocular vision in myopic children, especially those with IXT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Spectacle Lenses with Highly Aspherical Lenslets on Binocular Vision and Accommodation in Myopic Children with and without Intermittent Exotropia

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2022

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose. To evaluate the influence of spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) on binocular vision and accommodation in myopic children with intermittent exotropia (IXT) and compare the changes after wearing HAL in binocular vision and accommodation in myopic children with or without IXT. Method. Forty myopic subjects aged 8–12 years were recruited: 20 with IXT and 20 visually normal children. Stereoacuity, phoria, accommodative facility, fusional vergence, vergence facility, near point of convergence, amplitude of accommodation, and accommodative response (AR) were measured by wearing HAL or single vision spectacle lenses (SVL) in a random order after adapting for 20 minutes. Accommodative microfluctuation (AMF) was defined as the standard deviation of AR. Changes in binocular vision and accommodation after wearing HAL were compared between the two groups. Results. No significant differences were found in binocular vision after wearing HAL versus SVL in either group (all P > 0.05 ). A greater AMF was found after wearing HAL than after wearing SVL in both groups (0.04 D, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.03 to 0.05 D, P < 0.001 for the IXT group; 0.05 D, 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.07 D, P < 0.001 for the visually normal group); however, the other accommodation parameters did not change significantly (all P > 0.05 ). There were no differences in the changes after wearing HAL in any parameter between the two groups (all P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. HAL did not significantly change the binocular vision and accommodation for myopic children with or without IXT except for AMF in the short term.

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Accommodation and binocular vision changes after wearing orthokeratology lens in 8- to 14-year-old myopic children

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

The Biomechanical Response of the Cornea in Orthokeratology

The Biomechanical Response of the Cornea in Orthokeratology

The associations of accommodation and aberrations in myopia control with orthokeratology

Effect of Spectacle Lenses with Highly Aspherical Lenslets on Binocular Vision and Accommodation in Myopic Children with and without Intermittent Exotropia

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