Accommodative anomalies in children

Shukla, Yogesh

doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_1973_18

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…b. Accommodation or vergence-related symptoms are secondary to excessive work and related to anomalies of accommodation or binocular visual system. These symptoms include blurred near or distance vision after computer use, difficulty refocusing from one distance to another, or diplopia [13][14][15]. c. Extraocular symptoms include musculoskeletal symptoms which can result in inconvenience in daily routine activities.…”

Section: Symptoms Of Desmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Eye Strain- A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2022

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Section: Symptoms Of Desmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Eye Strain- A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2022

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“…Specifically, in children with learning difficulties, the prevalence of accommodation insufficiency is 26%, and in children with Down syndrome, this percentage ranges between 55% and 76% [10]. Finally, it has been recorded that symptoms are more commonly observed in individuals with a difference of more than 2D from the expected age value [2,16]. Therefore, in this study, pure A.I.…”

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confidence: 68%

“…Furthermore, it is a key measurement for the onset and progression of presbyopia. The ability to accommodate exists from birth but improves dramatically in the first months of life [16]. Previous studies have shown that the most significant changes are observed between the ages of 20 and 50 [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Amplitude of Accommodation in young Greek adults, 18 - 28 years old

Evangelos,

Chrysanthopoulos

2024

Preprint

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Introduction: Accommodation is the ability of the eye to change its refractive power (by altering the curvature of the crystalline lens) with the aim of focusing on different distances. In modern times, close working distances require good accommodation to ensure quality work without vision problems. However, dysfunction in accommodation is not uncommon. Specifically, accommodation insufficiency is the most common dysfunction associated with accommodation that can be observed at any age. Accommodation insufficiency is characterized by the eye's inability to reach its maximum potential for accommodation (amplitude of accommodation) based on age, with many individuals experiencing deviations equal to or greater than 2 diopters (2D) from the theoretically normal range. Finally, measuring the amplitude of accommodation and near vision tests should be established in routine eye examinations, as life now involves a variety of different distances. Objective: To record the rates of accommodative insufficiency in young Caucasian adults. Methods: The method used was minus to blur, and the comparison charts were based on Donder's and Hofstetter's values. Depending on the result, they were categorized as "normal," which refers to deviations from zero to 1 diopter (1D) (due to the fact that minus lenses underestimate or are quite strict regarding the range of accommodation compared to other methods in free space (e.g., push-up); "borderline," which refers to deviations from 1.25D to 1.75D or 2D with at least one eye deviating by less than 1.75D; and "accommodation insufficiency," which refers to deviations greater than 2D from the expected values, as proposed in other studies. Results: The results show a significant percentage of accommodation insufficiency in these age groups, with the percentage exceeding 50%. Additionally, men had significantly lower rates of normal accommodation amplitude compared to women. Further research is needed to study the role of refractive errors in accommodation problems. Conclusions: In a broader context, accommodation insufficiency appears to be a significant issue in young age groups, and additional studies should be conducted to analyze the problem in depth and determine its prevalence. Furthermore, a universal system for measuring the range of accommodation should be established to obtain safer results. Additionally, it would be interesting to observe the role and contribution of the ciliary muscle in the accommodation process in young adults, as theoretically, the crystalline lens is almost transparent, the issue with adaptation primarily concerns the majority's inability of the ciliary muscle to function effectively.

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“…Thus, prescribing hyperopic correction in those children may benefit performance in near vision tasks. Additionally, orthoptic treatment may be necessary (Shukla, 2020). Studies have shown that orthoptic treatment including vergence and accommodative training is an effective method to treat and improve the symptoms (Chen et al, 2021; CITT‐ART Investigator Group, 2019; Cooper et al, 1987; Weisz, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accommodative–vergence disorders in a paediatric ophthalmology clinical setting in Argentina

Iurescia,

Iribarren,

Lanca

et al. 2023

Acta Ophthalmologica

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PurposeTo determine the frequency of potential non‐strabismic accommodative–vergence anomalies (NSAVA) and investigate associations between NSAVA, refractive errors and age among children attending a paediatric ophthalmology clinic.MethodsThis study included children and adolescents aged 5–19 years attending an ophthalmology clinic with at least two follow‐up visits. At their first visit, children had a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including refractive error measurement by cycloplegic autorefraction and spectacles were prescribed if necessary. At the second visit, children had an examination of best‐corrected visual acuity, convergence and accommodation to identify potential NSAVA. The relationship between age, sex, heterophoria and refractive error and potential NSAVA was assessed by a multivariable logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 384 children and adolescents were evaluated. Their mean age was 10.97 ± 3.07 years and 58.9% were females. Forty‐two per cent of children failed the NSAVA tests and 34.1% had myopia (≤−0.50 D). Children who failed NSAVA tests self‐reported a higher proportion of reading problems (73.7%) compared to those who passed the tests (26.3%; p < 0.001). Children with self‐reported reading problems were more likely to have accommodative infacility (57.9%) compared with children without (42.1%; p < 0.001). Refractive error and age were not associated with failure in NSAVA tests (p > 0.05).ConclusionsNSAVA was a frequent cause of vision problems found in a sample of children from an ophthalmology paediatric clinic. Thus, further research is necessary to understand the potential of public health policies to prevent, refer, diagnose and treat those conditions.

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Accommodative anomalies in children

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Digital Eye Strain- A Comprehensive Review

Digital Eye Strain- A Comprehensive Review

Amplitude of Accommodation in young Greek adults, 18 - 28 years old

Accommodative–vergence disorders in a paediatric ophthalmology clinical setting in Argentina

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