The unprecedented healthcare demand due to sudden outbreak of coronavirus pandemic has profound influence on the health care systems especially in the developing world. Given the disastrous outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) second wave in India, the health system of the country was almost at the brink of collapse. Therefore, to identify the factors that resulted into breakdown and the challenges, Indian healthcare system faced during the second wave of ongoing pandemic, this paper analyzed the health system challenges in India and the way forward in accordance with the six building blocks of world health organization (WHO). Applying integrated review approach, we sum-up that the factors such as poor infrastructure, inadequate financing, lack of transparency and poor healthcare management result into the overstretching of healthcare systems. While examining the possible challenges of the Indian healthcare system due to the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic, we found that apart from these above factors, governmental response to capitalize on the early lessons learnt from the first wave, which otherwise could have mitigated the health crisis in the second wave. To sum-up although the health system in India faces challenges from the very beginning, but there is a way forward to be adopted to avert the current crisis. At the same time, healthcare should be prioritized with adequate financing, strong capacity-building measures and integration of public and private sectors. Fiscal stimulus, risk assessment, data availability and building of human resources chain are other key factors to mitigate the crisis.