Accounting and taxing system in conditions of the state of war: how to act and what the consequences

Abstract

Introduction. The state of war caused by the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine is causing changes in the functioning of the economy. For more than 55 days of heroic resistance of the Ukrainian people, Ukrainian the authorities have been taking measures to support economic entities whose activities are extremely important for the launch of the economy during the war. One of the current tools to influence the activities of economic entities is taxation and proper adaptation of accounting to the introduced economic transformations. Legislative changes have softened the first blow and prevented panic in the financial sector. However, given the risks of long-term hostilities, it is important to develop a policy of economic stability in the conditions of war and to analyze the consequences of the changes introduced today and their repercussions in the future.Purpose. The purpose of this publication is to analyze the existing changes in the functioning of the accounting and taxation system during the state of war, their consequences and find ways to adapt to these conditions in the context of supporting the state economy.Research methods. The research process was conducted using a dialectical approach to the study of the current state of accounting and taxation of domestic economic entities and using methods of cognition: deduction and abstract-logical cognition - to determine the content of taxes, cost elements; abstraction and concretization - to outline areas of tax burden optimization; grouping, comparison, generalization in the process of forming research results.Results: The existing legislative reforms of the state of war of the simplified taxation system for small, medium and some large enterprises as the main fiscal elements of the impact on the activities of economic entities are analyzed. The main nuances of the application of the introduced tax changes (restrictions on application, rules of transition, post-war return) and their content are presented.The peculiarities of the activity of the enterprise in full or partial downtime are investigated and the algorithm of idle time during the state of war (registration, cost accounting, wages) is proposed. The list of the most common problems of wages in the state of war and the proposed ways to solve them is outlined. The aspects that should be taken into account by the accounting staff are considered and the mechanism of actions for assessing the risk of the impact of the sanction is presented.Perspectives. These recommendations increase the potential use of tools, in the context of supporting the state economy, to reduce the tax burden on domestic enterprises and adapt accounting to the state of war. Support for business will continue to be important as a key factor in increasing the economic stability of the state, which also contributes to effective resistance to the attacker. In the future, after the Victory of Ukraine, it will be necessary to introduce a consistent mechanism for the development of the postwar economy, one of the elements of which should be the optimization of the tax burden and compliance with international accounting.

Перспективи Післявоєнного Відновлення Фінансового Сектора України

“…This result is confirmed by another earlier study by Kornivska [22], which emphasizes the role of digitalization in ensuring the adequate operation of the financial sector during the war and at the post-war stage in Ukraine. These findings are confirmed by the results of a previous study by authors [29] in terms of the importance of regulating the functioning of micro-level finances during the war.…”

“…Iefymenko [28] studies the fiscal aspect of stimulating the post-war recovery of the financial sector of Ukraine. The paper [29] investigates the problems of micro-level finance, in particular, in terms of aspects of accounting during the war in Ukraine. Authors [30] analyse the issue of support in terms of financing the post-war economic and social system recovery in territorial communities.…”

Impact of the War on the Formation and Implementation of Tax Policy in Ukraine

“…However, a small number of scientific works are focused on studying the impact of the war on the formation and implementation of tax policy in Ukraine. We can distinguish among them scientific articles focused on: 1) the problems currently faced by Ukraine, its economy and business in connection with the introduction of the martial law (Zhuk and Hoi, 2022); 2) the analysis of the accounting and tax system in terms of the martial law (Kostyshyn and Yakovets, 2022); 3) the study of financial policy in terms of the martial law (Latkovskyi, 2022); the study of modern tools for supporting the financial stability of Ukraine in terms of war (Nieizviestna et al, 2022); the improvement of the tax system as a component of Ukraine's international security (Izmailov et al, 2022).…”

Податкова Політика України В Умовах Воєнного Стану

“…Окремі питання податкової політики України в умовах воєнного стану вивчали А. Галабурда [1], Г. Головань [2], А. Дуб [3], Н. Костишин [4], Т. Мединська [3], С. Шевченко [1], Т. Яковець [4] та інші.…”