Accounting for Capital Investments and Its Improvement

Abstract

At present, issues related to investment activities in Ukraine are very important. Of particular importance is the investment activity related to capital investment, creating a solid foundation for stable, efficient operation and rapid development of each enterprise. Insufficient capital investment can lead to limited opportunities, loss of income, increased production costs, increased production shortages, loss of competitiveness and decline of the enterprise. For effective management of capital investments of the enterprise the system of accounting and analytical support based on reliable definition of their cost, the mechanism of their reflection in the account and the reporting, effective system of the analysis and internal control is important. This study is devoted to the consideration of theoretical and methodological issues and problems of organization of accounting of capital investment accounting, identification of areas for improvement. This article analyzes domestic and international regulations on accounting to determine the nature and composition of capital investments. The issue of formation and differentiation of capital investment costs is considered. The classification of capital investments on various grounds is reflected, which is important for the formation of a proper organization of accounting and control in the enterprise. Sources of capital investment are the company's own funds, the use of budget funds or extrabudgetary funds, other sources of funding. The main sources of financing capital investments today are the own funds of enterprises. Generalized approaches to reflect capital expenditures that are associated with the creation or acquisition of non-current assets, as well as those that are included in the initial cost of such objects, in the accounts. It is proposed to streamline accounting through the introduction of additional sub-accounts that will meet the various information needs for analysis and control of capital investments in the enterprise. To separate the components of capital investments, the characteristics of the new sub-accounts to account 15 "Capital investments" are given. The main elements that need to be disclosed in the order on the company's accounting policy for capital investment are presented.