Accounting for Fault Roughness in Pseudo-Dynamic Ground-Motion Simulations

Martin, P.; Gális, Martin; Thingbaijam, K. K. S.; Vyas, J.C.; Dunham, Eric M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-72709-7_7

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The rapid rupture initiation could potentially be delayed by considering fault structures more complex than the curved, yet purely strike-slip fault geometry used in our simulation. Including small-scale geometrical roughness may additionally slow down rupture and limit the stress drop [Dunham et al, 2011b;Shi and Day, 2013;Zielke et al, 2017;Mai et al, 2017], while simultaneously increasing off-fault damage.…”

Section: Early Moment Release and Earthquake Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landers 1992 "reloaded": Integrative dynamic earthquake rupture modeling

Gabriel

Wollherr

Schliwa

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Key Points:• A new integrative physics-based simulation of the 1992 Landers earthquake reproduces a broad range of independent observation • Sustained dynamic rupture interconnecting the complex fault segments constraints pre-stress and fault strength • We discuss the interplay of rupture transfers, geometric fault complexity, initial stress, viscoelastic attenuation, and off-fault plasticity AbstractThe 1992 M w 7.3 Landers earthquake is perhaps one of the best studied seismic events. However, many aspects of the dynamics of the rupture process are still puzzling, e.g. how did rupture transfer between fault segments? We present 3D spontaneous dynamic rupture simulations of a new degree of realism, incorporating the interplay of fault geometry, topography, 3D rheology, off-fault plasticity and viscoelastic attenuation. The surprisingly unique scenario reproduces a broad range of observations, including final slip distribution, seismic moment-rate function, seismic waveform characteristics and peak ground velocities, as well as shallow slip deficits and mapped off-fault deformation patterns. Sustained dynamic rupture of all fault segments in general, and rupture transfers in particular, put strong constraints on amplitude and orientation of initial fault stresses and friction. Source dynamics include dynamic triggering over large distances and direct branching; rupture terminates spontaneously on most of the principal fault segments. We achieve good agreement between synthetic and observed waveform characteristics and associated peak ground velocities. Despite very complex rupture evolution, ground motion variability is close to what is commonly assumed in Ground Motion Prediction Equations. We examine the effects of variations in modeling parameterization, e.g. purely elastic setups or models neglecting viscoelastic attenuation, in comparison to our preferred model. Our integrative dynamic modeling approach demonstrates the potential of consistent in-scale earthquake rupture simulations for augmenting earthquake source observations and improving the understanding of earthquake source physics of complex, segmented fault systems.

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Section: Early Moment Release and Earthquake Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landers 1992 "reloaded": Integrative dynamic earthquake rupture modeling

Gabriel

Wollherr

Schliwa

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…In recent years, significant progress has been made in modeling synthetic ground motions. With the advance of modern computing power, studies such as Bydlon et al (), Graves and Pitarka (), Mai et al (), Taborda et al (), Imperatori and Mai (), Frankel et al (), Wirth et al (), Withers, Olsen, Day, and Shi,(), Withers, Olsen, Shi, and Day, (), Olsen et al (), Graves and Pitarka (), Andrews and Ma (), Hartzell et al (), Pitarka et al (), Pitarka et al (), and Moschetti et al () have incorporated increasingly accurate physics into simulations. Some of these improvements include explicitly accounting for complex rupture processes and the propagation of waves through realistic 3‐D crustal structure to simulate ground motions at a wider range of frequencies for a variety of end‐use cases (from assessing regional seismic hazard related to basin amplification to better understanding the role of anelasticity in nuclear monitoring).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Machine Learning Approach to Developing Ground Motion Models From Simulated Ground Motions

Withers

Moschetti

Thompson

2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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We use a machine learning approach to build a ground motion model (GMM) from a synthetic database of ground motions extracted from the Southern California CyberShake study. An artificial neural network is used to find the optimal weights that best fit the target data (without overfitting), with input parameters chosen to match that of state‐of‐the‐art GMMs. We validate our synthetic‐based GMM with empirically based GMMs derived from the globally based Next Generation Attenuation West2 data set, finding near‐zero median residuals and similar amplitude and trends (with period) of total variability. Additionally, we find that the artificial neural network GMM has similar bias and variability to empirical GMMs from records of the recent Mw7.1 Ridgecrest event, which neither GMM has included in its formulation. As simulations continue to better model broadband ground motions, machine learning provides a way to utilize the vast amount of synthetically generated data and guide future parameterization of GMMs.

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“…The study focuses on the possibility of resolving complex rupture processes by inverting seismic waveform data. Mai et al (2017) develop advanced new pseudodynamic kinematic source models in a planar fault that incorporate the effects of fault roughness for near-source ground motion simulations.…”

Section: Section Iii: Kinematic Rupture Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Best Practices in Physics-Based Fault Rupture Models for Seismic Hazard Assessment of Nuclear Installations

Dalguer

Fukushima

Irikura

et al. 2017

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Abstract-Inspired by the first workshop on Best Practices in Physics-Based Fault Rupture Models for Seismic Hazard Assessment of Nuclear Installations (BestPSHANI) conducted by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on 18-20 November, 2015 in Vienna (http://www-pub.iaea.org/iaeameetings/50896/ BestPSHANI), this PAGEOPH topical volume collects several extended articles from this workshop as well as several new contributions. A total of 17 papers have been selected on topics ranging from the seismological aspects of earthquake cycle simulations for source-scaling evaluation, seismic source characterization, source inversion and ground motion modeling (based on finite fault rupture using dynamic, kinematic, stochastic and empirical Green's functions approaches) to the engineering application of simulated ground motion for the analysis of seismic response of structures. These contributions include applications to real earthquakes and description of current practice to assess seismic hazard in terms of nuclear safety in low seismicity areas, as well as proposals for physics-based hazard assessment for critical structures near large earthquakes. Collectively, the papers of this volume highlight the usefulness of physics-based models to evaluate and understand the physical causes of observed and empirical data, as well as to predict ground motion beyond the range of recorded data. Relevant importance is given on the validation and verification of the models by comparing synthetic results with observed data and empirical models.

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Accounting for Fault Roughness in Pseudo-Dynamic Ground-Motion Simulations

Cited by 24 publications

References 83 publications

Landers 1992 "reloaded": Integrative dynamic earthquake rupture modeling

Landers 1992 "reloaded": Integrative dynamic earthquake rupture modeling

A Machine Learning Approach to Developing Ground Motion Models From Simulated Ground Motions

Best Practices in Physics-Based Fault Rupture Models for Seismic Hazard Assessment of Nuclear Installations

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