Accumulation and Effect of Cadmium in the Wood-Rotting Basidiomycete Daedalea quercina

Abstract

The ability of fungi to accumulate metals is a known phenomenon that is studied from both the industrial and ecological point of views. The biosorption and removal of various cations could be useful in recovery of precious or strategic metals (e.g. Nakajima and Sakaguchi 1993) as well as in the removal of toxic heavy metals from contaminated water (Siegel et al. 1990). The most frequently used group of organisms are filamentous fungi (e.g. Siegel et al. 1990, Pümpel andSchinner 1993) which are widely used in fermentation industries to produce varied metabolites. The application of mycelial wastes as adsorbents or ion-exchangers for the removal of heavy metals represents a possibility for further utilization of these biotechnological by-products (Voleský 1994). So far, little attention has been paid to interactions of heavy metals with higher fungi. Most of the work deals with metal translocation and uptake from various substrates or with the heavy metal content in fruiting bodies collected in different areas. In several cases this content seems to reflect the concentrations of atmospheric heavy metal.Most wood-rotting basidiomycetes can be found in high yields and are easily cultivated allowing various model experiments such as the investigation of metal translocation and uptake or the study of heavy metal induced changes in fungal morphology and biochemistry. The effect of Cd, Zn and some other metals on the growth of some ectomycorrhizal fungi (Darlington and Rauser 1988, Colpaert and Van Assche 1992) and hyphomycetes (Rózycki 1993, Failla andNiehaus 1986) have been investigated. Recently, element distribution in mycelium of Pisolithus arrhizus (PERS.) RAUSCH. treated with Cd dust has been described (Turnau et al. 1994). Some alterations in mycelial morphology were reported by Lilly et al. (1992) who found the loss of hyphae orientation and decrease of clamp connections in mycelium of wood-rotting basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune FR.:FR. treated with milimolar concentrations of Cd. When submerged mycelial pellets of this fungus where cultivated in the presence of lead, color change was documented (Gabriel et al. 1994).

Lead and cadmium uptake in the marine fungi Corollospora lacera and Monodictys pelagica

“…For Pb, we found that color of C. lacera mycelial pellets in Pb enriched liquid media was different from that in control pellets. Colony pigmentation change was observed in Zalerion maritimum exposed to pesticides [29] and in many other studies of fungal growth on solid media and in liquid cultures [1,3,4,20,21,43]. In our experiments the majority of accumulated Pb was found in the extracellular compartment, i.e.…”

Heavy Metal Content in Wood-Decaying Fungi Collected in Prague and in the National Park Šumavain the Czech Republic

“…On the other hand, these fungi are tolerant to high concentrations of toxic metals. In our previous experiments mycelium of D. quercina survived successfully even in the presence of millimolar concentrations of cadmium (Gabriel et al 1996b). Finally, the influence of different nutrient requirements and different affinities to metals may be suppressed by collection of several fungal species, As they fructify in one stand for many years, wood-rotting fungi may bring useful information esp.…”

Determination of Potential Producers of Biogenic Magnetic Nanoparticles Among the Fungi Representatives of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota Divisions

“…Відомо, що низка грибів є природними і безпечними сорбентами відносно іонів важких металів [43][44][45][46], барвників [47][48][49] та пестицидів [50], здатні накопичувати високі концен-трації важких металів [51][52][53][54]. Так, для плодових грибів-макроміцетів Boletus edulis (білий гриб), Canoderma lucidum (трутовик), Calvatia excipuliformis (головач), Paxillus involutus (свинушка), Tricholoma terreum (рядовка земляна), Armillaria mellea (опеньок), Lentinula edodes (шиїтаке) в [55][56][57][58][59][60] показано, що вони є ефективними сорбентами іонів важких металів, але обмежене використання цих грибів як біосорбентів пов'язане з проблемами їх вилучення з відпрацьованого робочого середовища.…”