Accumulation and effects of sediment-associated silver nanoparticles to sediment-dwelling invertebrates

Toxicology of Engineered Nanoparticles: Focus on Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers

“…Carbon based materials, such as carbon nanotubes, have been investigated in a wide range of ecological organisms, such as algae [ 73 ], daphnia [ 74 ], and fish [ 75 ]. Ecotoxicity of metallic nanoparticles, such as silver nanoparticles, have been also been investigated [ 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. Oprsal et al reported that the toxicity of silver nanoparticles was due to bioaccumulation of sedimented silver nanoparticle aggregates in the fish model and therefore an increase in the local silver concentration can be responsible for the toxicity [ 79 ].…”

Trophic transfer of metal-based nanoparticles in aquatic environments: a review and recommendations for future research focus

“…[2][3][4]8,9 However, it is internalization of intact ENPs into lower trophic level organism tissues, or adsorption to body surfaces (e.g. on snail shells 18,21 ), accumulation in gut lumen (either adsorbed to gut epithelia or as aggregates/agglomerates), and their subsequent transfer to their predators that presents a novel scenario. Regardless of how ENPs are associated with the prey (sorbed to shell or epithelia layers or internalized), they will be transferred to the predator; however, the avail-ability for assimilation will depend on the ENP association with the prey.…”

“…However, it is not clear whether this requirement also applies to Me-ENPs. Many studies with Me-ENPs determine the presence of metal ions in tissue digests, where the metal has been introduced as an Me-ENP, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] but this is not the same as determining the presence of the nanoparticle itself. Thus, in many cases where ENPs are introduced via food, it is not possible to determine whether i) the ENP has crossed the intestinal epithelium, ii) the intact ENP remains in the lumen or iii) the ENP undergoes complete or partial dissolution in the lumen and the ions are translocated into the tissue.…”

“…Due to the increasing production and use of Me-ENPs, their release into the aquatic environment is inevitable and has already been demonstrated. 12,13 Several studies show that metals introduced to organisms as ENPs are taken up from the abiotic compartments from both water and diet, [14][15][16][17] commonly with ENPs mixed into sediments [18][19][20][21][22] Since 1991, she has been employed at DHI as a consultant and a researcher within the field of environmental fate, especially transformation as well as the hazardous effect of chemical substances, which also includes particulate pollutants such as nanoparticles and microplastics.…”

An investigation into the effects of silver nanoparticles on natural microbial communities in two freshwater sediments

“…Following their release into the aquatic environments, ECNMs were assumed to be mainly deposited in the sediments after their agglomeration and sedimentation (Baun et al, 2008;Cong et al, 2014;Ramskov et al, 2015). Sediments were deemed as good models to evaluate the toxicity of ECNMs on sediment functioning and quality (Beddow et al, 2014), and the microorganisms in sediment are pivotal in maintaining the balance of biogeochemical processes (Battin et al, 2008).…”