Accumulation Kinetics of Three Scirpentriol-Based Toxins in Oats Inoculated in Vitro with Isolates of Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium poae

Abstract

Autoclaved oats were inoculated with a strain of Fusarium sporotrichioides or Fusarium poae. Moisture content of oats after inoculation was at 38%, incubation took place in standing culture at 28 °C. The A-type trichothecenes, 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol (4,15-DAS), 15-monoacetoxyscirpenol (15-MAS), and scirpentriol (SCIRP) were analyzed by GC/MS. For each strain, three culture flasks were harvested at 2–3 day intervals starting immediately after inoculation. Total incubation time was 42 days (F. poae) and 56 days (F. sporotrichioides). Following peak accumulation, 4,15-DAS decreased below the detection limit for both strains, 15-MAS decreased below this limit for the isolate of F. sporotrichioides, for the isolate of F. poae it decreased to a level markedly below the peak value. SCIRP, after having peaked, decreased to some extent for the strain F. sporotrichioides, with a significant (P = 0.0029) negative linear regression of toxin content against culture age during this period. The content of 15-MAS, and in part also of 4,15-DAS, decreased along with an increase of SCIRP. This sequential accumulation pattern suggests the successive induction of esterases deacetylating 4,15-DAS and 15-MAS, as well as of enzymes involved in the metabolization of the parent alcohol, SCIRP. The results may explain, at least in part, the somewhat higher incidence in naturally contaminated compounds reported in the literature for SCIRP compared to 4,15-DAS and 15-MAS.

Genetic Divergence and Chemotype Diversity in the Fusarium Head Blight Pathogen Fusarium poae

“…Inoculations in cereal matrices seemingly shift the balance more towards type B production (NIV), while the in vitro mineral medium with l -arginine mainly stimulated DAS production [ 46 ]. However, trichothecenes of the DAS-related group such as mono-acetyl scirpenol and scirpenol are often overlooked in mycotoxin surveys, while they may be important compounds in nature, particularly associated with F. poae [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Detoxification of Mycotoxins through Biotransformation

“…Both 15-monoacetoxyscirpenol (15-MAS, 98) and 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol (4,15-DAS, 99) were produced by the fungi from the genus Fusarium such as F. sporotrichioides and F. poae [73]. In corn plants, both 15-MAS (98) and 4,15-DAS (99) were, respectively, transformed to 15-MAS 3-glucoside (100) and 4,15-DAS 3-glucoside (101), which were called masked mycotoxins.…”

Identification and characterization of a T-2 toxin-producingFusarium poaestrain and the anti-tumor effect of the T-2 toxin on human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721

“…Fusarium poae is widely distributed in various food crops (such as wheat, rice, maize, barley and oats, etc.). [20][21][22] In the study, moldy corn was harvested from Jilin, Northeast China to isolate Fusarium poae. 17 strains Fusarium from moldy corn was identied by PDA properties.…”